egyptian pharaohs timeline

[citation needed], Caesarion (Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar) was the last king of the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt, and he reigned jointly with his mother Cleopatra VII of Egypt, from September 2, 47 BC. A cookie is a small text file that a website saves on your computer or mobile device when you...Cookie Policy, A full list ofthe most important Pharaohs of Egypt. Ausgabe 2012, S. 381–395. The New Kingdom (1550–1077 BC) is the period covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth dynasty of Egypt, from the 16th to the 11th century BC, between the Second Intermediate Period, and the Third Intermediate Period. Achaemenid rule over Egypt came to an end through the conquests of Alexander the Great in 332 BC, after which it was ruled by the Hellenic Pharaohs of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. Last known ruler of ancient. The position and identity of the following pharaohs is uncertain: The Turin King List provides additional names, none of which are attested beyond the list. The long reign of Djedkare, the eighth ruler of 5th dynasty in Egypt,... Prologue: Who Was Intef? 2. Categories: Tutankhamun, Pharaoh Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (ruled 1333 BC – 1324 BC in the conventional chronology), during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. Through military dominance abroad, the New Kingdom saw Egypt's greatest territorial extent. After the practice of Manetho, the Persian rulers from 343 to 332 BC are occasionally designated as the Thirty-first Dynasty: The Macedonian Greeks under Alexander the Great ushered in the Hellenistic period with his conquest of Persia and Egypt. Chronological position uncertain, here given as per Ryholt. Brother to Neferefre, built extensively in the. Ludwig David Morenz: Bild-Buchstaben und symbolische Zeichen. The Late Period runs from around 664 to 332 BC, and includes periods of rule by native Egyptians and Persians. P. Tallet, D. Laisnay: Iry-Hor et Narmer au Sud-Sinaï (Ouadi 'Ameyra), un complément à la chronologie des expéditios minière égyptiene. The Hyksos made their first appearance during the reign of Sobekhotep IV, and around 1720 BC took control of the town of Avaris (the modern Tell el-Dab'a/Khata'na), conquering the kingdom of the 14th dynasty. The kingdom ruled from 2686 to 2181 BC. He most likely never existed. Around 3240–3220 BC; more than likely never existed. Nature & Climate Restored with Ptolemy VIII; later co-regent with Ptolemy IX and X. Reconciled with Ptolemy VIII; co-ruled with Cleopatra III and Ptolemy until 116. 2000. Also known as Nepherites. The union of the Two Kingdoms fell apart and regional leaders had to cope with the resulting famine. The last Roman emperor to be conferred the title of pharaoh was Maximinus Daia (reigned 311–313 AD). He is not archaeologically attested and thus possibly fictional. This table should be contrasted with Known kings of the 13th Dynasty. Between the alleged death of Cleopatra, on August 12, 30 BC, up to his own alleged death on August 23, 30 BC, he was nominally the sole pharaoh. The successors of Intef the Elder, starting with Mentuhotep I, became independent from their northern overlords and eventually conquered Egypt under Mentuhotep II. There is a close resemblance between Teti and his predecessor Unas in... Akhenaton, often called Amenhotep I, was a famous pharaoh.... Ahmose I is among the many ancient pharaohs and rulers in Egypt and... Ay was a king of the 18th dynasty and is said to have inherited... About Horemheb The Sixth Dynasty ruled from 2345 to 2181 BC. Though not officially pharaohs, the High Priests of Amun at Thebes were the de facto rulers of Upper Egypt during the Twenty-first dynasty, writing their names in cartouches and being buried in royal tombs. Die Herausbildung der Schrift der hohen Kultur Altägyptens (= Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 205). Built extensively for a third intermediate period Pharaoh. Reign of Sneferu, first king of 4th Dynasty of, Reign of King Khufu (Cheops), builder of the, Reign of King Khafre, builder of the second, Reign of King Menkaure, builder of the third, Reign of King Netjerkare, last ruler of the, English archaeologist Howard Carter discovers the. Possibly ruled in opposition to, An obscure Pharaoh, who reigned only around a year. She reigned as … Select: all / none. J. Cerny, 'Egypt from the Death of Ramesses III to the End of the Twenty-First Dynasty' in The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380–1000 BC, Cambridge University Press. A number of dynasties of Libyan origin ruled, giving this period its alternative name of the Libyan Period. War(fare) & Battles. Was a General during the, Regained much of the territory that was lost under the reign of, Continued expanding Egypt's territory until he reached a, Most likely a usurper to the throne. Co-regent with his father Nectanebo I from about 365 BC. His existence has been questioned. 2004. The first known archeologically attested female Pharaoh. This dynasty eventually drove the Hyksos back into Asia under Seqenenre Tao, Kamose and finally Ahmose, first pharaoh of the New Kingdom. Horemheb was the last king of the 18th... Merenptah is believed to have been the 13th son of Ramessses and he... Mentuhotep II was a member of the royal family of Egypt who reunited... AboutRamesses I Later pharaoh's erased his name from some king lists so scholars found his tomb's goods intact in the 1920s. He had reigned for more than 64 and likely up to 94 years, longer than any monarch in history. The pharaohs of the Twenty-Second Dynasty were Libyans, ruling from around 943 to 728 BC: The Twenty-Third Dynasty was a local group, again of Libyan origin, based at Herakleopolis and Thebes that ruled from 837 to c. 735 BC: Rudamun was succeeded in Thebes by a local ruler: The Twenty-fourth Dynasty was a short-lived rival dynasty located in the western Delta (Sais), with only two pharaohs ruling from 732 to 720 BC. His reign is well attested. War(fare) & Battles Defeated Amyrtaeus in open battle and had him executed. Very selective. Cities & Buildings Deposed and likely killed Nefaarud II, starting the last dynasty of native Egyptians. Ancient Egyptian relics have revealed that Sanakht was a Pharaoh of... Shepseskaf was the last king of the Fourth Dynasty of the Egyptian... Shepseskare was known as Shepseskara in ancient Egyptian language,... Sneferu is famous for being the founder ruler of the Fourth Dynasty... Unas, or Unis, was the last ruler of the 5th dynasty. Barry Kemp (a1), Andrew Boyce and James Harrell. The Old Kingdom rapidly collapsed after the death of Pepi II. The second part of the Eleventh Dynasty is considered to be part of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt. He and subsequent leaders used mercenaries from Greek, Carian, Jewish, Phoenician, and possibly Bedouin groups, that … They comprise numerous ephemeral kings reigning from Memphis over a possibly divided Egypt and, in any case, holding only limited power owing to the effectively feudal system into which the administration had evolved. Some time after these events, a rival line based at Thebes revolted against their nominal Northern overlords and united Upper Egypt. Could be the same person as Seth-Peribsen. The 16th Dynasty may also have comprised the reigns of pharaohs Sneferankhre Pepi III[86] and Nebmaatre. The Fifth Dynasty ruled from 2498 to 2345 BC. Very short reign, correct chronological position unknown. Sometime around 1650 BC the Hyksos, perhaps led by Salitis the founder of the Fifteenth Dynasty, conquered Memphis, thereby terminating the 13th dynasty. Younger son of Osorkon III and brother of Takelot III. The Fourth Dynasty ruled from 2613 to 2498 BC. [51], The Ninth Dynasty[55] ruled from 2160 to 2130 BC. Obscure pharaoh absent from later king lists; tomb unknown. Three of the best known pharaohs of the New Kingdom are Akhenaten, also known as Amenhotep IV, whose exclusive worship of the Aten is often interpreted as the first instance of monotheism, Tutankhamun known for the discovery of his nearly intact tomb, and Ramesses II who attempted to recover the territories in modern Israel/Palestine, Lebanon and Syria that had been held in the Eighteenth Dynasty. Cleopatra VII had affairs with Roman dictator Julius Caesar and Roman general Mark Antony, but it was not until after her suicide (after Mark Antony was defeated by Octavian, who would later be Emperor Augustus Caesar) that Egypt became a province of the Roman Republic in 30 BC. First member of the dynasty to claim a Horus name. Descendant of the Saite pharaohs of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty; led a successful revolt against the Persians. The 11th dynasty originated from a dynasty of Theban nomarchs serving kings of the 8th, 9th or 10th dynasty. Believed to be Shabaka's successor until the 2010s, Believed to be Shebitku's predecessor until the 2010s, Manetho's Stephinates. His origins are completely uncertain. The Middle Kingdom (2060–1802 BC) is the period from the end of the First Intermediate Period to the beginning of the Second Intermediate Period. Placed in this dynasty only for chronological reasons, as he was not related to the Achaemenids. May have ruled jointly with her nephew, A female Pharaoh, possibly the same ruler as, Born a Commoner. Gustave Jéquier, Maṣlaḥat al-Āthār (1993): Wolfgang Helck, Eberhard Otto, Wolfhart Westendorf, Stele – Zypresse: Volume 6 of Lexikon der Ägyptologie, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1986, Page 1383, F. Payraudeau, Retour sur la succession Shabaqo-Shabataqo, Nehet 1, 2014, p. 115-127. Exact date uncertain. The position of the following kings is uncertain: The Fourteenth Dynasty was a local group from the eastern Delta, based at Avaris,[77] that ruled from either from 1805 BC or c. 1710 BC until around 1650 BC. Manetho's Nechepsos. Arts & Culture The list below is based on the Abydos King List dating to the reign of Seti I and taken from Jürgen von Beckerath's Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen[50] as well as from Kim Ryholt's latest reconstruction of the Turin canon, another king list dating to the Ramesside Era. A proposed native Egyptian rebel leader. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2020) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Felde, Rolf: Gottheiten, Pharaonen und Beamte im alten Ägypten, Norderstedt 2017, S. 125. 3. Theban nomarch serving an unnamed king, later considered a founding figure of the 11th Dynasty. 285 BCE - 246 BCE: Reign of Egyptian pharaoh Ptolemy II Philadelphus who favors sea routes for trade over land routes; Saba begins to decline. The Turin King List has 18 kings reigning in the Ninth and Tenth Dynasties. Identifiable with Prince Sethiherkhepeshef II. Unknown Origins. The First Dynasty ruled from around 3150 to 2890 BC. The Twenty-sixth Dynasty ruled from around 664 to 525 BC.[96]. Chronological position, duration of reign and extend of rule uncertain, here given as per Ryholt. Identical with Netjerkare. Referred to as Sobekhotep I in dominant hypothesis, known as Sobekhotep II in older studies, Perhaps a brother of Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep and son of, Referred to as Sobekhotep II in dominant hypothesis, known as Sobekhotep I in older studies, Possibly a son of Hor Awibre and brother of Khabaw, previously identified with.

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