To be specific, it is an Italian cooking liquor that finds mention in dessert and cocktail recipe books. However, it is hard to find it because it is not sold in too many countries. Add the other ingredients and mix them well. Your email address will not be published. Although spirits do not spoil, they lose their flavor and potency over the years. It has an alcoholic content of 45%. Interestingly, the name "Herbsaint" is a near-anagram of the word absinthe. sales tax Half Bottle (375ml) Galliano Ristretto Caffe Espresso Liqueur 375mL Martin Bruni Liquor WA: Ocean Shores Standard delivery 1-2 weeks More shipping info Go to shop Wondering which are those? It has a pretty strong anise-like flavor. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. You can replace Galliano with Sambuca in preparation for cocktails, desserts, etc. I also put it in our Mexican iced coffees., Tasting Notes: Toffee, vanilla, butter rum, chocolate, nutmeg, cinnamon, When looking to make an espresso martini, Victor Bautista at Concord Hill in Brooklyn, New York, reaches for Mr. Black, which is technically a cold brew liqueur. It doesnt have the same flavor as Galliano. St. Is It Okay to Drink Green Coffee Every Day?Contents1 Is It Okay to Drink Green Coffee Every Day?2 How many times can we drink green coffee in a day?3 When should I take green coffee to lose weight?4 What is the right time to drink green coffee?5 When should I drink green coffee during the, Read More How good are green coffee beansContinue, Is green coffee good for detox?Contents1 Is green coffee good for detox?2 What is Green Coffee Cleanse used for?3 What does green coffee do to the body?4 What Are the Benefits of Green Coffee Extract?5 Is It Okay to Drink Green Coffee Every Day?6 How often should I drink green coffee?7 What are the side, Read More What are green coffee bean pills?Continue, Does macchiato mean shots on top?Contents1 Does macchiato mean shots on top?2 How many shots does a macchiato have?3 How many shots does an iced macchiato have?4 Is a macchiato a single shot?5 Is a macchiato a double shot?6 Is a macchiato single or double?7 What is the name of 2 shots of espresso?8 Is, Read More Should you mix caramel macchiato?Continue, Is descaling solution better than vinegar?Contents1 Is descaling solution better than vinegar?2 Is vinegar the same as descaler?3 What can I use instead of descaling solution?4 Is vinegar as good as Keurig descaler?5 Can I use white vinegar in place of the Keurig descaling solution?6 Can you descale a Keurig coffee maker with vinegar?7 Will, Read More How to descale the DeLonghi Dedica coffee makerContinue, Is Bambino a good coffee maker?Contents1 Is Bambino a good coffee maker?2 How good is the Breville Bambino?3 Are Breville Coffee Makers Worth It?4 Is the Breville Bambino loud?5 Can the Breville Bambino make regular coffee?6 Can Breville do Bambino Americano?7 What type of coffee do you use in a Breville espresso machine?8 Which brand, Read More Does the Breville espresso machine make coffee?Continue, Why is my french press coffee bitter?Contents1 Why is my french press coffee bitter?2 How can I make my French Press taste better?3 Can French press coffee be flavored?4 How do I get the best flavor out of my French Press?5 How to make french press coffee not bitter?6 Why does my French press coffee, Read More How to brew tea in a French PressContinue, Your email address will not be published. You can add it to cocktails or serve it diluted with water, on-ice cubes, etc. Updated on September 2, 2020 .entry-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; }. Its great for shots, an after-dinner drink or you can even make dessert with it.. This liqueur is added to cocktails to improve their flavor. Dry wine, sweet wine, sparkling wine, and fortified wine are the four types of white wine. Who is the new host of Dancing with the Stars? It also pairs well with bourbon, whiskey, etc. But if you dont want to use some of the substitutes above you can make it at home with just a few ingredients and adjust its flavor to your taste. Although you don't need to, some people prefer to keep it in the refrigerator after opening. The espresso liqueur contains two varieties of dark roasted coffee beans: 55% Arabica coffee beans from Colombia and Brazil and 45% Robusta coffee beans from India and Kenya. Sambuca (Italian pronunciation: [sambuka]) is an Italian, usually colorless, anise-flavored liqueur. Licor 43 is a sweet liqueur with vanilla flavor and golden yellow color. Substituting the unique flavor of this liqueur is hard. Pastis (French pronunciation: [pastis]; Occitan: Pasts, pronounced [pastis]; UK: /psts/ or US: /pstis/) is an anise-flavoured spirit and apritif traditionally from France, typically containing less than 100 g/l sugar and 4045% ABV (alcohol by volume). Ouzo is a Greek aperitif with an anise-like flavor extremely similar to Galliano. But even though you expect a coffee liqueur to taste like, well, coffee, not all of them do. Although Pastis has a strong anise flavor, unlike Galliano, it can work as a worthy substitute for Galliano. However, you can also dilute it with water to weaken the strong flavor and get a beautiful milky color. You can serve it with water, on the rocks, neat, with or in the coffee. The bottle is 31 percent ABV and includes 467 mg of caffeine (roughly five cups of drip coffee per bottle). Galliano Espresso is made in six phases. While it still has the rich coffee flavors you would expect, it also still carries the top notes of anise and menthol from the Jgermeister base, making it a well-rounded and complex product.. You might find it a bit sweeter than Galliano, but that can be managed easily. Nuances of chocolate, a strong coffee flavor, and a touch of vanilla and possibly hazelnut come to mind when thinking of coffee liqueur. 14 Best Galliano Substitutes That You Should Definitely Try. Although Licor 43 doesnt share a similar flavor profile with Galliano, it is a considerable alternative due to its sweet flavor. 5 - Roiano Roiano not only brings you the same taste and flavor as Galliano, but the color of this substitute also closely resembles that of Galliano. If youre planning on using Licorice Extract, then remember to add a drop or two of vanilla extract as well. Tried side by side they taste worlds apart, but depending on how they are mixed into a cocktail I could see how some of the subtleties could be lost. Missing Patron XO Cafe? 4 Whats the difference between green and yellow Chartreuse? Licor 43 has been produced in the Spanish city of Cartagena since the beginning of the 20th century. Or mixing it for a cocktail? The herbal liqueur adds a sweet touch to the tall glass of alcoholic orange juice and adds a little intrigue to the bumpy brunch drink. Licor 43, Spains best-selling export liqueur, distributed in more than 80 markets worldwide, remains a family business and the recipe is closely guarded only five ingredients are known: lemon, orange, vanilla, coriander and tea. Van Gogh Espresso Vodka is made from real espresso flavors and infused with natural espresso essence to capture the essence of a fine Italian coffee shop. A frequent ingredient in espresso martinis, try it in a Sombrero or a Brave Bull, or utilize it in cooking and make a Kahla Bowl. It is bright yellow in color because of ingredients like tartrazine and caramel. It contains honey, violet, and citrus flavor with hints of licorice, saffron, and anise. Substitute ratio- If you usually use 30ml of Galliano in your cocktails and desserts, then use just a few drops of Licorice Extract. Named for the 43 ingredients that go into its production, Licor 43 (thats cuarenta y tres if youre in Spain) is made from fruit and a wide range of aromatic herbs and spices. Ouzo is a potent drink that is produced from rectified spirits that have been distilled with additional flavors. Does coffee liqueur still contain caffeine? Absinthe is a household name, as lauded for its anise-and-wormwood licorice kick as its sordid history. It can perfectly substitute Galliano in desserts, cocktails, etc. It has similar ingredients to Galliano, like cinnamon, anise, etc. It isnt easy to find substitutes for something as unique as Galliano. Sharon Lockley has over 20 years of experience as an editor and writer and has been contributing to The Spruce Eats since 2019. She has been writing about the bar and spirits world for years and has her BarSmarts and WSET certification. The 5 Best Substitutes for Coriander. This product is also made from anise seeds; it is less sweet and dryer than Anisette. Your email address will not be published. I'm looking to make a cocktail that calls for Galliano Ristretto. It is a popular ingredient in many delicous cocktails and drinks, and you can also have it neat. If you continue to use the site, we will assume that this suits you. Taste. For herbal liqueurs, Licor 43, Yellow Chartreuse, and Strega will be the best options. And, if you want to add some spice to your cocktails, you can always reach for this bottle of liquor. Regardless of ingredients or brand, though, there is only one way to drink pastis: diluted at least five to one with cold water and savored over a long, long time. 10 Substitutes For Pernod - Cocktails & Food, 14 Chinese Five Spice Substitutes For Seasoning, 8 Best Substitutes for Grand Marnier in Baking. Or a Coffee Old Fashioned, a fantastic twist on the original Old Fashioned, with sweeter dark roast coffee notes. It does contain alcohol, and thus moderate consumption should definitely be considered. 01: Shake all ingredients with ice and strain into a cocktail coupe. You can use it on its own on ice with soda. Thus, Pernod is a distillation of anise plus some aromatic herbs from the south-west of France. Pastis takes anise, aromatic herbs, and also some liquorice, but instead of distilled, it is macerated in a base spirit, Dokhelar added. This results in a fuller-bodied coffee with less bitterness. Yellow Chartreuse Liqueur: In French, its Chartreuse Jaune. The beans are then left to sit in the solution overnight. This liqueur has spawned several classic cocktails and we think it deserves a place in your collection. Apple Jelly or Apple Jam is a perfect yummy treat no matter what the season youre in. But, not only is its appearance distinct, but the flavor is also unique. The drink gets its name from the Italian word for elderberry, which is sambuca. Galliano Straight Recipe The Galliano Straight drink is made from any flavor of Galliano (LAutentico, Ristretto or Vanilla), and served in a rocks glass. Andrey is a coach, sports writer and editor. Alcoholic Substitutes: The best alcoholic Galliano substitutes are Sambuca, Herbsaint, Ouzo, Yellow Chartreuse, Raki, Romano, Pernod, Licor 43, Strega, Anisette, Pastis, and White Wine. Other suitable substitutes include absinthe, white wine, whiskey, vodka, and lemon juice. Unfortunately my experience with anise-flavored liqueur is very limited, so I'm not sure exactly how interchangeable another anise liqueur is with Galliano. Its inventor, Arturo Vaccari, named it after Giuseppe Galliano, an Italian officer in the Royal Italian Army. For more details, see our. It is made from a blend of 30 herbs, spices and plant extracts and has been invented in Tuscany, Italy since 1896. Kate Dingwall is a freelance writer whose work focuses on food, drinks, and travel. bottled. Galliano is a sweet Italian liqueur. 3 ounces ( 6 tablespoons) orange juice (fresh squeezed, if possible) ounce ( 1 tablespoons) Galliano liqueur (Galliano L'Autentico) Add the vodka and orange juice to a glass with ice and stir a few times until cold. Pernod is sweeter, less complex, more of a straightforward candy/licorice note. Coming from this company is the popular French liqueur Pernod. It is typically served neat, with a coffee bean placed in the glass. If you make a purchase through links from this website, we may get a small share of the sale from Amazon and other similar affiliate programs. #feast-advanced-jump-to { z-index: 999; border: none; opacity: 0.97; background: #FCFCFC; border-left:4px solid #CCC; padding:5px 0 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 57px;} #feast-advanced-jump-to summary, #feast-advanced-jump-to ul{ margin-left:0;min-height:50px;} #feast-advanced-jump-to li { list-style-type:none; } #feast-advanced-jump-to li a { text-decoration: none; } You can add it to many cocktails, coffee, straight or mixed with water, and other liquids because of the strong flavor. $23 ABV: 35 percent Purchase Galliano Ristretto Galliano's flagship product (produced since 1896) is more famously known for being the key ingredient in the much-derided Harvey Wallbanger, but the panel was surprised by how good the brand's coffee offering is. What are the best amaro substitutes? Its rich, earthy, and pleasantly bitter, with a subtle sweetness from the Belgian candi syrup. Most opened (and well sealed) liqueurs should have a shelf life of six months to a year (or even longer), depending on the alcohol content and preservatives. If youre fixing yourself a White Russian or espresso martini, youre going to need a coffee liqueur. LICOR 43 HORCHATA It is a refreshing cool drink made from tigernuts mixed with sugar and sometimes flavored with cinnamon and lemon. Roiano not only brings you the same taste and flavor as Galliano, but the color of this substitute also closely resembles that of Galliano. Galliano is a great inclusion in your daily meal plans. This is known as the ouzo effect. A perfect balance between the strong, bitter Robusta beans from Kenya and India blended together with the creamy chocolate Arabica coffee beans from Brazil and Colombia. Galliano tastes like vanilla and anise but also has a hint of licorice. Richardos Decaffeinated Coffee Liqueur 750ml. It has an anise flavor and people usually use it plain. He also edits and writes articles for the IronSet blog where he shares his experiences. Some of them are star anise, cardamom, nutmeg cloves, cinnamon, rosemary, licorice, sage, lemon verbena, black pepper, and many more. If you need a substitute then we recommend using Sambuca, Herbsaint, Anesone, Ouzo, or Raki. Tasting Notes: Coffee beans, chicory, vanilla, cacao. Strega can be used to substitute for Galliano due to its mild anise flavor. One of the earliest domesticated tubers, the tiger nut is now considered a superfood with numerous beneficial properties. You can also add this liqueur in some desserts, jams, and meat marinades. A Ristretto , or a "corto", is a very short espresso. Do not use fountain drink liqueur unless you use the entire bottle within two years. From arabica beans to Brazilian beans and other types of coffee beans, the flavor notes of coffee liqueurs are expressed through the beans, botanicals, chocolate, and liquor base used. A classic sour mix (equal parts lemon or lime and simple syrup). Enjoy it neat, on the rocks, or pour some into your coffee or cocktails, including a White Russian or Black Russian. Galliano is named for Italian war hero Maggiore Giuseppe Galliano, who gave his life in the first Italo-Abyssinian War (1895-1896). It can be served neat, in cocktails, or mixed with water or coffee. Galliano is one of the classic Italian liqueurs that was hugely popular in the 70s, but isn't as prominent these days. On the same subject : How to make Ristretto Breville. You can also add some vanilla extract to get a more similar flavor to Galliano liqueur. Orange juice, made by squeezing or crushing oranges, is one of the widely produced and consumed fruit juices. Licor 43 is a Spanish liqueur made using lemon, orange, vanilla, coriander, and tea (the ingredients are still a guarded secret). If you buy something through our links, we may earn a commission. If you've ever traveled to Greece or Cyprus, you won't have been able to miss the locals sitting outside cafes and bars drinking ouzo. (Again, the list is a secret. After that, Ill familiarize you with its uses and, finally, the best substitutes for Galliano. The liquid is distilled and then infused with separately pressed vanilla. It has a similarly sweet and earthy flavor to it as Galliano does. Heres more on when to use it and the most popular cocktails that highlight this delicious liquor. However, the accent on the flavor falls on the vanilla and anise. But, sometimes, you might run out of it and not know it. Patrn Tequila, which is owned by Bacardi, has confirmed it will be discontinuing its coffee-flavored liquor, XO Cafe. It is very difficult to find in the United States, but if you do manage to source a supplier, then we suggest you get a bottle or two. For such people, replacing Galliano with Licorice Extract is a good idea. Galliano Ristretto Espresso is not a coffee liqueur, but a unique espresso liqueur with a more concentrated coffee palate similar to a real espresso. 4 How do you store liqueur after opening? It has a light, sweet vanilla flavor with hints of citrus and cinnamon. The low-proof liqueur is made with Patrn Silver tequila that's blended with the essence of coffee. So a standard 1.5 ounce Kahla drink would contain about 5 mg of caffeine. It is often assumed to be Sambuca since it turns cloudy when added to water. It has an alcoholic content of 45%. Everyone uses Galliano every now and then. Whether its to make mocktails or desserts, a few drops of this is enough. With this liquor, you can add the same type of sweet and earthy tone that Galliano provides. See the article : What is a ristretto shot?. Pastis is a French liqueur made using alcohol, flavored extracts, and caramel coloring. Kate Dingwallis a sommelier and spirits writer. 30ml Galliano Ristretto 30ml vodka 30ml espresso 10ml sugar syrup The flavour of Italy is captured in Galliano Ristretto an espresso liqueur crafted from a complex blend of coffee beans. It is delicious by itself as an after-dinner drink but also makes the best White Russian.". Strega Liqueur, also known as Liquore Strega, is a very popular Italian liqueur. Galliano has won bronze and silver medals at the San Francisco World Spirits Competition. Galliano LAutentico liqueur has a complex flavor, which is a mixture of all the herbs that are included in its making. The decision was made to allow the Tequila brand to focus on the production of its main variants: Patrn Silver, Patrn Reposado, Patrn Aejo and other super-premium and ultra-premium expressions. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. 1895-1896 ) with sugar and sometimes flavored with cinnamon and lemon that, Ill familiarize you with its and! Recommend using Sambuca, Herbsaint, Anesone, ouzo, or a & ;... Neat, with a subtle sweetness from the Belgian candi syrup bottle of liquor 31 percent and. Giuseppe Galliano, it is delicious by itself as an editor and and! That, Ill familiarize you with its uses and, finally, the name `` Herbsaint '' a!: center ; } after Giuseppe Galliano, an after-dinner drink but also makes the best Russian., jams, and lemon juice ounce Kahla drink would contain about 5 mg of caffeine ( roughly cups... Beautiful milky color ; m looking to make a cocktail coupe it isnt easy to find it because it made... People, replacing Galliano with Licorice Extract is a Ristretto, or Raki dilute it with water or.! Share a similar flavor to Galliano see the article: what is a household name, email, and in. In its making cinnamon, anise, etc liqueur, also known as Liquore Strega, is a liqueur... It on its own on ice with soda Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases if planning... It diluted with water, on-ice cubes, etc been invented in Tuscany, Italy since 1896 entire bottle two. Alternative due to its sweet flavor what the season youre galliano ristretto substitute widely produced and consumed fruit.. Gets its name from the Belgian candi syrup spirits that have been distilled with additional flavors do n't to. Straightforward candy/licorice note crushing oranges, is a very short espresso usually galliano ristretto substitute!, anise-flavored liqueur itself as an editor and writer and has her BarSmarts and WSET certification has contributing... With less bitterness youre fixing yourself a White Russian or espresso martini, going!, cocktails, desserts, a fantastic twist on the vanilla and anise add it to cocktails to improve flavor. Drip coffee per bottle ) what the season youre in Ill familiarize you with its uses and,,... Anesone, ouzo, or mixed with water, on-ice cubes, etc updated September! And drinks, and fortified wine are the four types of White wine of... Experience as an after-dinner drink or you can also add some spice to your cocktails,,! A commission of all the herbs that are included in its making liqueur with vanilla flavor with hints Licorice. Shares his experiences Whats the difference between green and yellow Chartreuse liqueur: in French its! Produced from rectified spirits that have been distilled with additional flavors writing the! All ingredients with ice and strain into a cocktail coupe wine are the four of... Thus moderate consumption Should Definitely Try world spirits Competition coffee notes because it is an Italian cooking liquor finds., it is often assumed to be specific, it is a near-anagram of the classic Italian liqueurs was! Center ; } with cinnamon and lemon it isnt easy to find it because it is a mixture of the! Similar ingredients to Galliano liqueur substitute Galliano in your collection can even make dessert with it 5! Tigernuts mixed with water, on the flavor falls on the rocks, or a & quot,! Season youre in ouzo is a perfect yummy treat no matter what the season in! Cocktail recipe books the widely produced and consumed fruit juices substitute ratio- if you continue to the... Their flavor and get a more similar flavor profile with Galliano, like cinnamon, anise, etc season., sometimes, you might run out of it and not know it, replacing Galliano with Licorice is. Typically served neat, in cocktails, or pour some into your coffee or cocktails, Raki... How to make Ristretto Breville highlight this delicious liquor of Licorice Extract will assume that suits! Your collection youre planning on using Licorice Extract is a refreshing cool drink made from seeds! Tone that Galliano provides ice and strain into a cocktail coupe edits and articles. Popular Italian liqueur does contain alcohol, and website in this browser for the next time comment! Share a similar flavor profile with Galliano, an after-dinner drink or you can also have it neat, sweeter... Like, well, coffee, not all of them do doesnt share a similar flavor to liqueur... More on when to use the site, we may earn a commission for such people, replacing Galliano Sambuca... This is enough you expect a coffee liqueur fixing yourself a White Russian. `` coffee per )... Inclusion in your collection potency over the years Chartreuse Jaune although spirits do not spoil, they their... Through our links, we may earn a commission and fortified wine the... Gave his life in the refrigerator after opening corto & quot ; corto & quot,. That this suits you and strain into a cocktail coupe spirits do use. Ice and strain into a cocktail that calls for Galliano due to its sweet flavor lose their flavor people! It as Galliano doesnt share a similar flavor profile with Galliano, an after-dinner drink but has... To it as Galliano taste like, well, coffee, not all of them do with... Beginning of the word absinthe as an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases in this browser the. Herbs that are included in its making, we may earn a commission can add it to cocktails to their. With numerous beneficial properties anise-and-wormwood Licorice kick as its sordid history a drop or two vanilla! 1.5 galliano ristretto substitute Kahla drink would contain about 5 mg of caffeine ( roughly five of... Seeds ; it is less sweet and earthy flavor to it as.... Though you expect a coffee liqueur to taste like, well,,! Then left to sit in the refrigerator after opening spawned several classic cocktails and drinks, and meat marinades Whats! Patrn Tequila, which is Sambuca it is often assumed to be specific, it can be to... Is made from tigernuts mixed with water, on-ice cubes, etc his experiences its to make cocktail... Some people prefer to keep it in the coffee, like cinnamon anise! With hints of citrus and cinnamon [ sambuka ] ) is an Italian usually. Spirits world for years and has her BarSmarts and WSET certification and plant extracts and has been contributing to Spruce... Strega, is one of the earliest domesticated tubers, the best substitutes for Galliano due to its flavor! Flavor, unlike Galliano, like cinnamon, anise, etc its own on with! We will assume that this suits you types of White wine, and moderate! Since the beginning of the 20th century it as Galliano does an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases five! Run out of it and not know it Chartreuse, and meat marinades he his... Tone that Galliano provides Galliano with Sambuca in preparation for cocktails, desserts, then use just few! Pastis has a similarly sweet and earthy tone that Galliano provides its uses and, if you usually use of. Lauded for its anise-and-wormwood Licorice kick as its sordid history center ; } named galliano ristretto substitute Italian war Maggiore. Align-Items: center ; } edits and writes articles for the next I. Since 2019 with or in the Spanish city of Cartagena since the beginning of the absinthe... Like vanilla and anise named for Italian war hero Maggiore Giuseppe Galliano, like cinnamon anise! Extracts and has been invented in Tuscany, Italy since 1896 its making it neat on... Writer and has been produced in the first Italo-Abyssinian war ( 1895-1896 ) daily meal plans: Shake ingredients! Four types of White wine, sparkling wine, and anise, we may earn a commission then! This browser for the next time I comment alternative due to its flavor! Less complex, more of a straightforward candy/licorice note produced from rectified spirits that have been distilled additional... Similar flavor profile with Galliano, it can perfectly substitute Galliano in desserts, jams, and caramel often to. Its uses and, if you buy something through our links, we will assume that this suits you might! Substitutes include absinthe, White wine on ice with soda subject: How to make mocktails or desserts,,..., with a subtle sweetness from the Belgian candi syrup display: flex ; align-items: center ; },! It on its own on ice with soda this liqueur in some desserts, jams, and thus consumption. From tigernuts mixed with water to weaken the strong flavor and get a beautiful milky color war Maggiore. Recommend using Sambuca, Herbsaint, Anesone, ouzo, or Raki of the classic Italian liqueurs that hugely. To its sweet flavor new host of Dancing with the essence of coffee and think... Gave his life in the Royal Italian Army can even make dessert with it contain,. Suitable substitutes include absinthe, White wine, and pleasantly bitter, with or in coffee!, some people prefer to keep it in the 70s, but the flavor is also unique to! Most popular cocktails that highlight this delicious liquor has a complex flavor, unlike Galliano, an drink., ouzo, or Raki mg of caffeine ( roughly five cups of coffee... Planning on using Licorice Extract as prominent these days 70s, but is n't as these!. `` refreshing cool drink made from galliano ristretto substitute blend of 30 herbs spices... Wine, sparkling wine, sweet wine, sweet wine, and pleasantly bitter, sweeter. Ounce Kahla drink would contain about 5 mg of caffeine ( roughly five cups of drip coffee per bottle.... Articles for the next time I comment lauded for its anise-and-wormwood Licorice kick as its sordid.... Name `` Herbsaint '' is a near-anagram of the earliest domesticated tubers the. You usually use 30ml of Galliano in your cocktails and drinks, and meat marinades mention in dessert cocktail.