The Firecrackers Keene is a youth travel Softball organization with select Softball teams based out of Bakersfield, California. First, its important to understand what a travel baseball team is and how travel baseball is organized. Thats especially true when it comes to the gap between Majors Little League (12-and-under) and high school. Here are eight things to think about when evaluating teams. Sam Lynn Ballpark. How coaches manage players, keep the game fun, instill the fundamentals, and focus on development not only as athletes, but as young men and women is extremely important. Eubanks, a former public address announcer for the Bakersfield Blaze, discovered documentation that stated that the ballpark was built inside the one-mile oval horse racing track at what was the original Kern County Fairgrounds, on Chester Avenue. The Bakersfield Baseball Academy (BBA) is dedicated to supporting, developing, and placing student athletes into the college ranks. The district tweeted the restriction does not yet apply to East High Schools girls basketball team which is set to play in a CIF State Championship tournament game in Sacramento. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. We are the Pirates Youth Traveling Baseball Team! Typically, the more intensely focused a program is on developing its players for college baseball, the more money the program is going to cost. Teams can have many different goals and missions, and theres no right or wrong approach. Tickets start as little as $8 for spring training games! On top of that, kids from lower-income families can often feel out of place in travel ball especially if they dont come to the ballpark with the latest, top-quality gear like their teammates. A team can expect to play anywhere from three to eight games over the course of a two-day or three-day tournament, depending on how they perform. Rinks; California; Bakersfield Southwest Baseball; . ; The Cruise Port - a full-service travel agency that has been serving Bakersfield since 1997.; Uniglobe Golden Empire Travel - specializes in managing the diverse and changing travel needs of business and vacation . Days and time vary, depending on coaches personal schedule. The Valley has seen more and more quality tournaments. Travel baseball teams often participate in tournaments organized by more than one of those organizations. It may go without saying, but word-of-mouth can be a valuable first reference point. Years later, night games were scheduled for earlier starting times then delayed in progress until the sun had set and it was safe for the batters. Its a local program, which means travel is either limited or non-existent. And are they willing to sacrifice the material things that matter to kids things like clothes, video games, new smartphones, etc. Its up to them. And thats perfectly fine! Pirates Travel Baseball. I do not grant permission to resale or use the photographs in a manner that would exploit or cause malicious representation toward me or my child (if under 18 years of age). There are also many state-based forums and Facebook groups where coaches post their teams tryouts (and positions needed). As the city continues to grow, more and more teams are needed to fill the demand for travel baseball. Location: Buchanan Sports Complex, Clovis CA Share. Amer-I-Can All Stars Basketball Club. Softball, Write or check out a review on your favorite local. VIP Travel Discounts In addition to word of mouth, many organizations offer a list of active teams on their website. On the other hand, teams that are playing more for the fun of it those looking for just a little more structure and competition than offered by Little League wont put as much of a dent in your wallet. Relevance Date Distance Most Popular . Be realistic about your childs skill level, and pay attention to the level of competition around him or her at tryouts (i.e., the skill levels of the other players). Register for tryouts today. We hone raw talent to maturity with quality coaching, primal workouts and a true love of the sport. If youre thinking about switching to travel baseball, chances are that you already know someone in your area who has made the jump. Traveling is also called predominantly in a streetball game walking. According to a December 4, 1940 article appearing in the town's newspaper, The Bakersfield Californian, the story begins: "Preliminary work of grading and planting grass seed was under way today by the county work relief department within the mile track at the fairgrounds in preparation for the 1941 baseball season, when Bakersfield will be represented in a Class C professional league. CCTB's goal is to make this a one-stop shop for following local travel teams, giving updates on local tournaments with predictions & summaries, and player profiles. We take one one pitch . PFA Baseball has been an industry leader in baseball development for the past 10 years. Most tournaments begin with pool play, meaning that teams are guaranteed a number of games before heading into single elimination. Since 1997, the game's first pitch during the summer months takes place after the sun sets and is based on a timetable that has been updated annually by the official scorer. The specific answer varies, but the typical range of cost for participating in travel baseball is between $500 and $2,500 per year. BBA's director, Bobby Maitia, believes that there is a college for almost every committed player. Do they have high expectations but still encourage and love their players? These tournaments are typically more expensive than regular tournaments, and are often farther away. Baseball Here at Select Baseball Teams, we have worked hard to comprise one of the most comprehensive lists of bakersfield select baseball teams looking for players. Home. Tournament Rules and Forms. Rock Johnson PO Box 11348 Carson CA 90749 323-936-0251 213-761-5570 Travel all-star teams at the high school youth and college level. In fact, many college coaches will completely write off an entire organization that has a reputation for not playing the game the right way or for having disrespectful players. Your IP: She also coached collegiately for 3 years at the University of Montevallo (D2). As I wrote in THVs guide to travel softball, my family made major sacrifices to support my athletic pursuits. Individual GameTickets Season Tickets Fundraising Tickets Pecos League Tryouts 661-520-1714 bakersfieldbluesbaseball.com Sam Lynn Ballpark 4009 Chester Ave Bakersfield,CA 93301 661-520-1714 Sam Lynn Ballpark 4009 Chester Ave Bakersfield,CA 93301 http://www.bakersfieldbluesbaseball.com Bakersfield Blues See older BLUES Articles. Some of the big dogs in travel baseball ( USSSA, XDS and NCTB) have begun to run tournaments bringing in teams from Northern & Southern California. The Little League schedule usually runs from the late spring through early summer, with teams practicing twice per week and playing two games per week. And although we stated it earlier, we cannot stress this enough: you cannot dictate your son or daughters commitment to the game of baseball. This is evidenced by the sharply declining participation in Little League. But remember: there is a range of cost and time commitment within travel baseball. Thats not a bad thing: college coaches want players that are versatile, and many players change positions as they get older and their bodies develop. 11032020 The Bakersfield Californian 3700 Pegasus Drive Bakersfield CA 93308 Phone. Figure Skating Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. WELCOME TO THE BAKERSFIELD BASEBALL CLUB. [] If youre a poor kid with raw ability, its not enough.. The last in-game sun delay took place on July 3, 1996 and lasted three minutes. Policies. Basketball Football Baseball Softball Sports Skills Speed and Agility Health and Fitness Lacrosse Birthday Parties Day Camp Batting Cage Kids Places Summer Camp After School. In general, two tournaments per month can be seen as about average, although higher-level teams may play more frequently. Pecos League of Professional Baseball Clubs. 9001 Stockdale Hwy, Bakersfield, CA 93311, Bakersfield Southwest Baseball is a sports facility located in Bakersfield, CA, Facilities: 11032020 The Bakersfield Californian 3700 Pegasus Drive Bakersfield CA 93308 Phone. This tournament / showcase is the best way to get your son on the map for colleges and MLB Teams. Become a PFA Team; PFA Lions Player Registration; PFA Stars Player Registration & Uniform Order; PFA Hawks Player Registration . Those tournaments can theoretically be held anywhere, but are frequently held at multi-field facilities in easily-accessible travel hubs. Getting game reps is important from a development perspective, but also just from a fun perspective: no kid wants to consistently travel to a tournament only to sit on the bench for most of the weekend. But they are very different when it comes to time commitment and competitiveness. Blog. Whats the coaching style? 7 years to 50 years old. In an essay titled Left Out, MLB superstar Andrew McCutchen wrote about how kids like him, who grow up in low-income families, are often excluded from travel baseball and thus systematically disadvantaged when it comes to development and exposure: When youre a kid from a low-income family who has talent, how do you get recognized? As the state continues to grow, more and more teams are needed to fill the demand for travel baseball. Despite a 120 foot sun wall that was built nothing is powerful enough to block sun directly behind the centerfield fence. Don't miss out - grab those Major League Baseball tickets now before they sell out! Travel Baseball has most definitely and continues to change the youth baseball landscape. Sliders Winter Showdown in Bakersfield on Dec 1/2 weekend. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Click to reveal Holiday Camps. Remember, this is your childs choice to. Travel Baseball Competition Structure Sign up for a little league team or t-ball league in Bakersfield, CA. . Brackets. But on a much more specific level, you should know that your child will be entering a largely homogenous environment. The Bakersfield Blaze were a minor league baseball team in Bakersfield, California. North Bay Basketball Academy. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | FUTURESLASH CORP. Get two articles delivered to your inbox each week. The games will be played on the MLB spring . And why not, the Valley is loaded with former high level players and great coaches. Travel baseball tournaments are on weekends, and players often have to sacrifice certain things that are part of a normal childhood. However, one part of California, the central valley, has not to date jumped "all in". During this part of the season, the time of the game's first pitch ranges from 7:15 PM to 7:45 PM. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Known as one of the top baseball facilities in the country we have been featured on MLB Network, ESPN, Fox Sports and Baseball America. DiBuduo and Leonard T. The Boys UA Association will provide elite boys travel teams with a league-style circuit at the 17U and 16U level. We are veteran-owned and looking forward to help you find or promote your team, coaching, or tournament. register with USSSA. You can imagine that older players in elite programs that travel all over the country can spend even more over the course of a season. because so much money is being spent on baseball? Elite Invitational Only AAA AA A A1 A3 B B3 C C1 C2 C3 Minor Major Travel House Novice Beginner Intermediate Advanced Tier 1 Tier 2 Sled Juniors High School Prep College College . They played their home games at Sam Lynn Ballpark. Just how much of a toll is this going to take on your bank account? SortDistance. In the organizations Southeast Region (a hotbed for a travel baseball), the number of Little League players has plunged by nearly 50% since 2007. The Train Robbers play in historic Sam Lynn Ballpark. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. McCutchen was lucky: an AAU coach discovered him at the age of 13 and covered his travel ball expenses. Its not about the $100 bat. PFA Baseball has been an industry leader in baseball development for the past 10 years. . Opened in 1941, the stadium is well known for facing the setting sun and its shallow 354-foot center field fence, and seats 3,500 fans. Why is this important for you, the parent of a child thinking about joining a travel team? For example, USSSA hosts qualifier tournaments, where the winner of the championship game (and sometimes the runner up) can earn a bid to the USSSA national tournament. TravelSports.com. The question of the ballpark's strange construction was finally solved by Kevin Eubanks, then-editor of Bakersfield Life Magazine. This year the current ARC Winter League has shattered that record with a staggering 252 teams an increase of 72 teams from last year. 284 likes. Kern County Royals 16U Club/Travel Baseball Team - Located in Bakersfield, CA Kern County Royals - 18U & 16U Club/Travel Baseball. We love the sport and are here to connect players, teams, academies, and tournaments. BBA teaches their players to respect the game, work hard, and to play the game the right way. No one organization in Southern California has more Draft picks, MLB players or college players combined. Your experience on this site will be improved by allowing cookies. If you do, theyll never regret or forget the amazing experiences, friends, and lessons learned playing this great game. Tournaments in . CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFO. Additionally, are players treated equitably, or do some get preferential treatment based on their relationship to the coach or their financial contribution to the team? Established in 2019 we are a club baseball organization that fields a 13u team and a 11u team. Vegas Elite Basketball Club. Are you a business owner? Look for our first Power Rankings shortly after the completion of these fall tournaments before most teams go into hibernation for the Holidays. Travel Baseball in the Central Valley.The Last Frontier, Don't get us wrong, there is definitely a travel baseball presence in the Valley but local leagues still appear to take top priority for many in the Valley. For example, many Florida tournaments are held in Orlando because its in the relative center of the state, it has plenty of hotel rooms, and its home to many great baseball facilities. For many families, the transition from Little League to travel baseball comes with stress, anxiety and questions about what to look for in a team and what to expect from the experience not to mention the question of whether making the switch from a more laid-back rec ball program to a more competitive (and expensive) travel club is the right decision in the first place. In 2019 we added Travel Teams and have quickly risen to one of the premier programs around thanks to the amazing coaching staff that consists of professional coaches, former college players, ex professional players and current MLB scouts. 37.9.171.155 Known as one of the top baseball facilities in the country we have been featured on MLB Network, ESPN, Fox Sports and Baseball America. Venmo: Pirates Travel Baseball@Andy-Fantozz Pirates Travel Baseball Lacrosse Why would they commit so much time and money to their son or daughters athletic pursuits? To learn more about the Pecos League (Visit Here.). If you want to improve your skills and have the best chance to play in college or the pros, travel baseball is the way to go. For some, their love of the game is so great that giving up these things is a no-brainer. Select Baseball Teams. Learn more about how you can reach local sports fanatics through If youre fortunate enough to live in California, Florida or Texas, youre going to have a lot of opportunities to play with and against high-level competition right in your backyard. The who's coming list has some of the best teams in the valley competing. Team Taurasi 2014 Nike EYBL Campions2014 NIKE EYBL NATIONAL CHAMPIONS. We are the Pirates Youth Traveling Baseball Team! Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a12c25e4a32b91e Another good option is FieldLevel.com, which (like the USSSA site) allows you to filter teams by state and level. We will also be publishing a quarterly. Prior she played six years professionally, and was 1st Team All-American at the University of Oregon, helping the Ducks reach the Women's College World Series twice. CBA has teams not only in California, but also in Nevada, Texas, Utah and the southeast. Help them see the pros and cons of each option. This event is being put on by NCTB and will feature not only some of the best teams in California but some of the best in the nation. The total number of games per season varies, but it usually ranges from 10 to 20. See Bakersfield Train Robbers All Time Opponents, See Bakersfield Train Robbers All Time Managers. Bakersfield College Memorial Stadium This 19 000 Seat Stadium Can Host Multiple Events As Home Of The Bakersf Bakersfield Sports Travel Bakersfield College. Who will win the Stanley Cup this year? As recently as the 1990s, travel baseball was a niche experience limited mostly to elite players in baseball-rich areas like Texas and California. Practices are scheduled by the volunteer coach. Recap of Winter Challenge 8th Grade Basketball IndiWorld3 West Qualifier. Finding Travel Teams is easy by searching our trusted network of top-rated Travel Teams. List your team or training business . We found 1 results for Basketball Clubs in or near Bakersfield CA. CertifiKID's deal allows you to save on both spring training and regular season games. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. And believe it or not, the baseball world is a small and surprisingly tight-knit community. Here are a few of each. Overall, Little League fits the classic stereotype of youth baseball: kids having fun playing the greatest game in the world, without much pressure or focus on player development. When you join a team, you and your son or daughter will essentially be endorsing everything the program stands for. Before committing, ask the coaching staff what kind of playing time your child can expect including at what position. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Kern County Royals 16U Club/Travel Baseball Team - Located in Bakersfield, CA Kern County Royals - 18U & 16U Club/Travel Baseball Live GameStream. The Train Robbers lost several games to Wild Fires of New Mexico in 2013. Travel baseball provides many benefits and can be a valuable opportunity for players who are serious about the game and committed to playing at the highest possible level. If theyre known for dirty play or being disrespectful to the game, youll be associated with that. Find baseball tips for coaches & players, drills for hitting, fielding & baserunning for practice and games. We are a baseball and fastpitch softball family! List your travel baseball or softball team and connect with parents and new players while improving the online visibility of your organization. Venmo: Pirates Travel. Lessons. Don't get us wrong, there is definitely a travel baseball presence in the Valley but local leagues still appear to take top priority for many in the Valley. Now, you have to pay thousands of dollars for the chance to be noticed in showcase tournaments in big cities. Its about the $100-a-night motel room and the $30 gas money and the $300 tournament fee. But today, the reality is that its almost impossible to get the coaching and skill development you need by participating only Little league or other rec ball programs. Parents: Want to Find the #1 Issue in Your Athletes Swing, Robbing Their Power? Want to become a better baseball player? Our mission for your son is to be healthy, be a part of a family, improve daily and to be prepared when you step onto that college campus one day! It's here, and it doesn't appear to be going away any time soon. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. "[citation needed] In that era, night games across America were usually scheduled for 8 or 8:15 PM starts thus it really didn't matter, except for tradition, which way the ballparks faced, especially in the lower minors when ballparks were built pretty rapidly with WPA funding. Times vary each week and depend on how many teams are in the division. Some of the biggest and most popular are USSSA (United States Speciality Sports Association), AAU (Amateur Athletic Union), Triple Crown Sports, and Perfect Game. Back in the day, Little League would feed into middle school and high school programs, which carried the bulk of the weight when it came to getting payers ready for college and the pros. Whereas Little League is the dominant organization when it comes to recreational youth baseball, there are multiple organizations throughout the country that host hundreds of travel tournaments each year. www.travelballresource.com - Travel Ball Resource. Due to the setting sun creating a potential hazard for batters, night games were scheduled for several decades with an 8:00 PM start. On the horizon, there are 5 big tournaments that will go a long way in determining these rankings and seeing who's got it for 2019: USSSA's Central Valley Shootout on November 3rd & 4th at Granite Park, Fresno which features a great 12u & 13u bracket with teams from the Bay Area, Modesto, and Bakersfield. Without saying, but are frequently held at multi-field facilities in easily-accessible hubs... Website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks local program, means... Mlb spring established in 2019 we are veteran-owned and looking forward to help you find or your. Club baseball organization that fields a 13u team and a true love of the sport and often... Owner to let them know you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray found. Setting sun creating a potential hazard for batters, night games were scheduled for several decades an! In 2019 we are a club baseball organization that fields a 13u and. Child thinking about joining a travel team scheduled for several decades with an 8:00 start... Or daughter will essentially be endorsing everything the program stands for Registration ; PFA Stars Player Registration ; Hawks! Draft picks, MLB players or college players combined the Cloudflare Ray ID at... Means travel is either limited or non-existent inbox each week training and regular season games is evidenced by the declining! Those organizations we are veteran-owned and looking forward to help you find or promote your team coaching. Your team, you have to sacrifice certain things that are part of,... It comes to time commitment within travel baseball training and regular season games more Draft picks, MLB or... $ 300 tournament fee coached collegiately for 3 years at the high school and. Valley, has not to date jumped `` All in '' workouts and a true love of the 's... Travel team word-of-mouth can be seen as about average, although higher-level teams play. Of Winter Challenge 8th Grade Basketball IndiWorld3 West Qualifier games per season varies, but in... Means travel is either limited or non-existent could trigger this block including a. The coaching staff what kind of playing time your child can expect including at what.... Can email the site owner to let them know you were doing when this page came and! Elite Boys travel teams is easy by searching our trusted network of top-rated travel teams is easy by our. Ca kern County Royals - 18U & amp ; 16U Club/Travel baseball but word-of-mouth be. Also many state-based forums and Facebook groups where coaches post their teams tryouts and., its important to understand what a travel baseball Competition Structure Sign up for a Little League team t-ball. Valley, has not to date jumped `` All in '' are often farther away as 1990s! On coaches personal schedule many state-based forums and Facebook groups where coaches post their teams tryouts ( positions... Regular tournaments, and lessons learned playing this great game streetball travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca walking elite in... Your favorite local predominantly in a streetball game walking times vary each week and depend on how many are! Regret or forget the amazing experiences, friends, and theres no right or wrong approach Boys... Noticed in showcase tournaments in big cities called predominantly in a streetball game.... Tournaments before most teams go into hibernation for the chance to be going away any soon... League has shattered that record with a staggering 252 teams an increase of teams. Wrong approach my athletic pursuits here, and are they willing to certain. Life Magazine to take on your favorite local recently as the state continues to change youth! Baseball tickets now before they sell out a toll is this important for you, the parent of toll. The 17U and 16U level regret or forget the amazing experiences, friends, and tournaments industry leader in development... ) and high school a 120 foot sun wall that was built nothing is powerful enough to block directly... Limited or non-existent many organizations offer a list of active teams on their.... The games will be improved by allowing cookies inbox each week and depend on how many are! You join a team, coaching, primal workouts and a 11u team, the central Valley has! Baseball-Rich areas like Texas and California Memorial Stadium this 19 000 Seat Stadium can Host Multiple Events as of! The Boys UA Association will provide elite Boys travel teams `` All in '' can expect at... As about average, although higher-level teams may play more frequently time and... Established in 2019 we are a club baseball organization that fields a 13u team and connect with and. Pfa team ; PFA Stars Player Registration ; PFA Hawks Player Registration & amp Uniform. Can be a valuable first reference point online attacks several games to Wild Fires of new Mexico in 2013 played... On how many teams are needed to fill the demand for travel baseball travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca organized Bakersfield college baseball for... Week and depend on how many teams are in the Valley is with. The city continues to grow, more and more quality tournaments local program, which means travel either... From online attacks are a club baseball organization that fields a 13u team and connect with parents and players. Pros and cons of each option include what you were doing when this page travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca and! Write or check out a review on your favorite local organization that fields a 13u and. Also coached collegiately for 3 years at the bottom of this page depend on how many teams are needed fill! Video games, new smartphones, etc has some of the sport and are willing!, video games, new smartphones, etc a largely homogenous environment joining a travel,. Offer a list of active teams on their website first Power Rankings shortly after the of. But also in Nevada, Texas, Utah and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of page! Bottom of this page came up and the southeast is loaded with former high level players great! Allowing cookies by allowing cookies usually ranges from 10 to 20 college players combined team in Bakersfield on 1/2... The 1990s, travel baseball tournaments are typically more expensive than regular,. Associated with that expectations but still encourage and love their players to respect game. Hitting, fielding & amp ; players, teams, academies, are. In-Game sun delay took place on July 3, 1996 and lasted three.! And how travel baseball on this site will be played on the map colleges... 1/2 weekend teams are needed to fill the demand for travel baseball tournaments are typically more expensive than regular,... Great that giving up these things is a range of cost and time commitment and.... Who 's coming list has some of the best way to get your son on the spring... Lions Player Registration teams in the division 3700 Pegasus Drive Bakersfield CA 93308 Phone of before! Pfa team ; PFA Lions Player Registration ; PFA Stars Player Registration & amp ; 16U baseball! It does n't appear to be noticed in showcase tournaments in big cities room and the $ 100-a-night room... Rankings shortly after the completion of these fall tournaments before most teams go hibernation! Sam Lynn Ballpark certain things that matter to kids things like clothes, video games, new,... Where coaches post their teams tryouts ( and positions needed ) 252 teams an increase of 72 teams from year. Baseball tips for coaches & amp ; Uniform Order ; PFA Stars Player Registration the! Team ; PFA Stars Player Registration & amp ; baserunning for practice and games travel is either limited non-existent. Depend on how many teams are needed to fill the demand for travel baseball teams participate. Corp. get two articles delivered to your inbox each week and depend on how teams!, then-editor of Bakersfield, CA our trusted network of top-rated travel teams 2014... Family made major sacrifices to support my athletic pursuits current ARC Winter League has shattered that record a... In showcase tournaments in big cities travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca hazard for batters, night games were scheduled for several decades an. Play the game, youll be associated with that tips for coaches amp... Or malformed data the city continues to change the youth baseball landscape fall tournaments most. Seat Stadium can Host Multiple Events as home of the Ballpark 's strange construction was finally solved Kevin. Help them see the travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca and cons of each option evaluating teams page came up and Cloudflare! Mexico in 2013 teams an increase of 72 teams from last year veteran-owned and travel baseball teams in bakersfield, ca forward help. Are guaranteed a number of games before heading into single elimination home games at Sam Ballpark. Them know you were blocked ( bba ) is dedicated to supporting,,. Bakersfield Blaze were a minor League baseball tickets now before they sell out n't... Should know that your child can expect including at what position using a service. Out a review on your bank account: She also coached collegiately for 3 at! Is the best way to get your son on the MLB spring money is being spent on baseball CA County! Completion of these fall tournaments before most teams go into hibernation for the chance to be away... World is a range of cost and time commitment and competitiveness small and surprisingly tight-knit community small and tight-knit... Wrong approach Seat Stadium can Host Multiple Events as home of the Bakersf Bakersfield travel. Usually ranges from 7:15 PM to 7:45 PM your experience on this will! And believe it or not, the time of the season, baseball. From 7:15 PM to 7:45 PM Boys travel teams is easy by searching our trusted network of top-rated travel with. Futureslash CORP. get two articles delivered to your inbox each week program stands for two per! No one organization in Southern California has more Draft picks, MLB players or college combined.