list of negro league players still alive

16:1-17 ) 5 in his fetus brain in the birth pond mind of its own would! While the weeklies tried to cover every game they could, deadlines and limited space meant they often had to leave out a few games. Pre-integration players Major League Baseball was segregated from 1887 until 1946. Accuracy and availability may vary. You know their stories, like how Paige once told his outfielders to sit down while he struck out the side. TRIBOU: And they did. And then eventually, over time, it became a baseball field again. Copyright 1999-2021. "I always really, really wanted to get the full workup for those guys -- walks, on-base percentage, fielding stats, home runs allowed by pitchers -- so you could tell what kind of players they were, how they fit into their teams, how the teams compared to each other. She lives in Grand Rapids, Mich. FORBES: The players traveled, and they had nowhere to stay because of the discrimination. Part of that was simply how the Negro Leagues recorded their statistics, which wasn't as robust a system as the Major Leagues'. He played four seasons. But more interesting, in my opinion, are some of the larger patterns we've found. The museum has pushed back its year-long celebration of the centennial to next year and renamed it Negro Leagues 101. The most important sources are the Black weekly newspapers (Chicago Defender, Pittsburgh Courier, Baltimore Afro-American, Kansas City Call, etc.) They played most of their careers in the organized Negro leagues after the Great Depression. TRIBOU: Bob Kendrick heads the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum there. Find out more. Baseball Almanac has always taken biographical baseball research seriously and this list of the oldest living Major League players is updated immediately upon confirmation of a player's passing. Not to discredit anyone. The second annual Honorary Negro League Game is a fundraiser for the Negro League Baseball Museum in Kansas City, Missouri. Mike Trout Streeters biggest thrill in baseball was to hit a home run. 1946 Propagandas Montiel. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Pre-integration players Below is a list of 52 players who played for major Negro league teams up to 1950 and eventually saw playing time for a Major League team. The other is that sources like the Macmillan Baseball Encyclopedia -- which basically set the standard for baseball statistics when it was released in 1969 -- wasn't all that invested in featuring Negro League records. You can begin speaking to them about regular sounding topics. By the 1950s, enough black talent had integrated into the formerly "white" leagues (both major and minor) that the Negro leagues themselves had become a minor league circuit. This data is based on actual contracts I have seen. I am Venus DeMilo - NO ARM! how many ww2 german veterans are still alive 2021mr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av He was known to be a great hitter, but I don't think it was fully appreciated how pivotal he was to the Monarchs' defense.. The Negro League documents the careers of more than four thousand players, including Jackie Robinson, Willie Mays, Hank Aaron and Satchel Paige. Of course, Josh Gibson and some of the other big names have passed on, but a lot of the legendary stars are still alive and well and living in well, why dont we call the roll of some of the more familiar names, men like . I know it seems that the civil rights movement was a while go, but it's truly just recent. You also get cards required for the last 99 (George Brett). We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. This is not uncommon among Negro Leagues playersmany of them lived and died in anonymity. The following are some examples of Implanted Commands which you can use to text a girl and hypnotize her. Its a message of community, and heritage, and its a message of, If people who came before me could do it, why cant I? Here we have, in St. Louis, not only the Negro League Stars and the Giants and the Blue Stockings and the Black Stockings [the two forerunners to the Giants], but we have an incredibly rich history in the Tandy League. This List of Negro league baseball players who played in Major League Baseball is largely based on the research compiled by the Center for Negro League Baseball Research. We have tools and resources that can help you use sports data. All Rights Reserved by Baseball Almanac, Inc. Privacy Policy. And now I look back and I say, oh, my God. Register now to join us on March 10-12, 2023, in Phoenix, AZ. Larry Doby. Our reasoning for presenting offensive logos. His biggest thrill came in the 1924 Negro World Series when he shut out the Kansas City Monarchs for 7 innings in relief. Team Ninja, the creators of Dead or Alive and Ninja Gaiden, are bringing this new action RPG set in a dark fantasy version of China's late Three Kingdoms period. Recovering it is a constant, ongoing struggle. Major League Baseball was segregated from 1887 until 1946. The coming seasons brought many more signings. Were there any white players in the Negro Leagues? He played for the Louisville Clippers, and later was traded with Jesse Mitchell to the Birmingham Black Barons for a used team bus. (Latino players surpassed Black players as the second-most dominant race/ethnicity in . According to Barry Swanton's The ManDak League: A Haven for Former Negro League Ballplayers, 1950-1957, players earned between $300 and $1,000 a month, comparable to what they would earn in America. As it stands, Newcombe is the oldest living man to play in the Negro Leagues at their major-league level. The series switched to St. Louis and the scores skyrocketed the remaining games of the series. 1958: Willie O'Ree is the first Black player in the National Hockey League Willie O'Ree, the first Black player in the National Hockey League, is sometimes referred to as the "Jackie Robinson of . A leading voice in keeping alive the memory of the Negro Leagues and co-founder of the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum. After contacting Lester, co-founder of the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum and chairman of SABR's Negro Leagues Research Committee, he provided data that was absolutely staggering. But Minnie Forbes sympathizes with the many athletes who were good enough to play in the major leagues but never got a shot. A high average hitter and an excellent first baseman, Buck played in 12 All-Star games. Having their own ballpark allowed the Stars to play more games in St. Louis instead of traveling to other cities, and in turn, that helped local businesses there, Doswell said. tobi brown girlfriend; ancient map of sarkoris pathfinder; reno sparks nv obituaries; como sacar una culebra de su escondite This is not a complete or exhaustive list of all the organizations and individuals who have kept the Negro Leagues alive, but it is easy to contribute to the four following organizations whether . The plaque that stands there now is one of many historical markers around the country commemorating the Negro Leagues, like Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Ala. Preservation efforts are ongoing for Hinchcliffe Stadium in New Jersey and Hamtramck Stadium in Michigan, and many cities honoring historic land or buildings have worked with the Negro League Baseball Museum to make sure that history is included, Doswell said. It's been a long time now since the Negro Leagues were operational. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Because we compile fielding statistics, we're able to know that, for example, Dobie Moore, the Kansas City Monarchs shortstop in the 1920s, was a great fielding shortstop. As with any sports league, I have to assume that there are still plenty of unknown or lesser known players still out there. Home plate was only 270 feet away from the trolley car barn, as it was called, but the left-field wall was 35 feet high -- just a few feet shorter than Fenway Parks Green Monster. Some of these sets include: 1931 Doble Aguila. Hopefully folks dont forget that impact.. Remembered as one of the few hurlers Josh Gibson had trouble hitting against, Lee writes that Martin Dihigo was the greatest player he ever saw. His career was spent almost entirely playing in all black minor or semi-pro leagues, most of which were located in southern Florida. Sam Streeter: The star pitcher for the Pittsburgh Crawfords in the 1930s, Sam pitched for the West in the inaugural Negro leagues All-Star game in 1933. The Stars disbanded in 1931 for a variety of reasons; the Great Depression hit African American communities particularly hard, so attendance was down and game stories hardly appeared in the newspaper. Jimmie Crutchfield: A slender outfielder, Jimmie signed with the great Pittsburgh Crawfords when he was only 19 years old. It was progress,. For example, here, courtesy of Ashwill, are the pages from a 1941-42 Baltimore Elite Giants scorebook showing the Elites beating the Philadelphia Stars on Aug. 16, 1942: The biggest myth of them all is that the history of Negro League baseball is nothing but blurry, hard-to-substantiate legends and tall tales, Ashwill wrote in an email to MLB.com. In a meeting held at the Paseo YMCA in Kansas City, Mo., Foster and a few other Midwestern team owners joined to form the Negro National League. The Oldest Living Major League Baseball Players The 500 oldest living baseball players appears below in order from oldest to youngest. Black baseball and its ballparks played a significant role in that story, but few remain standing today. 41-Newton Henry "Newt" Allen. Over at the Seamheads Negro Leagues database, a dedicated few have combed through newspapers and scorebooks, photo albums and microfiche to piece together the most complete statistical record of the Negro Leagues to date. The list of teams with which he played includes the largely forgotten Miami Globetrotters, Hollywood Redbirds, Miami Red Sox, Belle Glade Redwings, Florida Cuban Giants, the Lucky Stars, the Danny Dodgers; Ft. Lauderdale Braves, Pompano Beach Yankees, Ft. Lauderdale Lucky Stars, Ft. Lauderdale Gray Sox, and the Buffalo Red Sox (a travelling team that appears to have played many of its games in West Virginia and Pennsylvania). All rights reserved. This is why its important today, so kids understand that they can look at that park and know that careers began there. And I really do mean today. But not there in St. Louis. I knew about it. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. What are the jumps called in show jumping? Because the live series is not only a voucher for Randy Johnson/Frank Thomas but Johnson/Thomas are vouchers for George Brett, the Live Series is going to be expensive. A version of this story was originally published in April 2020. A select few were All-Stars and one (Aaron) was inducted into the Hall of Fame. Josh Gibson holds the all-time home run record with 238 and Smokey Joe Williams struck out 1,571 batters in his 25-year career. It was where St. Louis native Elston Howard got his start before he played for the Kansas City Monarchs and later became the Yankees first African American player and American League Most Valuable Player Award winner. The team had three Hall of Famers: speedy James Cool Papa Bell, slugger George Mule Suttles and defensive wizard Willie Wells -- who later became a scout for Black talent and gave teams reports about Robinson. 1946-47 Caramelo Deportivo. \n","providerName":"Twitter","providerUrl":"https://twitter.com","type":"rich","width":550},"type":"oembed"},{"__typename":"Markdown","content":"That started to change in the 1980s and early 90s as researchers like Dick Clark, Larry Lester, John Holway, James Riley and Phil Dixon began assembling a more robust statistical record. He grew up in Cuba and says it was tough to adjust to segregation and racism he saw in the U.S. PEDRO SIERRA: It wasn't easy to see all the problems with the race. TRIBOU: The last league folded in the early 1960s. There's also Charley Pride (3/18/1935), famous country singer and one of the only black people to perform on Grand Ole Opry. WANTED: INFORMATION ON DAVE BROWN. ","type":"markdown"},{"__typename":"ExternalEmbed","data":{"__typename":"ExternalEmbedContent","html":", #Spotlight In February of 1920, The Chicago Defender previewed the formation of the Negro National League - Kansas City Selected for Meeting of Baseball Magnates - https://t.co/VANcXcLmL0 pic.twitter.com/KfBEDCalWr, A copy of the 1969 Macmillan baseball encyclopedia for show and tell @sabr. Researchers are still looking to add fielding statistics, left/right splits and secondary pitching and batting stats for many Negro League seasons, especially those in the 1940s. It helps when you have talented teams. The Hilldale Club, the team that lost, took home $193.23. The integration of major league baseball in '47 hastened its demise. In 2016, the Missouri Historical Society found a rare image of Stars Park in its photo archives. In Cleveland, Larry Doby became the first Black player in the American League. DOUG TRIBOU, BYLINE: In 1920, owners of independent Black baseball teams from the Midwest gathered in Kansas City, Mo. He is Dean of Men at Alcorn College in Lorman, Mississippi, and also serves as baseball coach. Of those 50 that were "prominent" players in the league, it's probably around 10 or so. For our latest update I checked through the mainstream daily newspapers in St. Louis and picked up three more St. Louis Stars games -- and Suttles homered in two of them.. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. A variation of the Stars joined the Negro American League in 1937, although they werent nearly as talented nor popular. Just a humbling reminder that Jim Crow laws and segregation was less than a generation ago. Aside from him, we also have Mamie "Peanut" Johnson (9/27/1935), the first female pitcher in the Negro Leagues. Posted on 1 second ago; June 24, 2022 . These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. List of Negro league baseball players who played in Major League Baseball. Do you have a sports website? Hall of Famer Oscar Charleston played for the St. Louis Giants, later returning to play in St. Louis with other Negro Leagues teams. An outfielder and a solid hitter, Page resides in Pittsburgh, where he operates a bowling alley. When the book was being put together, the Negro Leagues weren't even considered for inclusion. Below is a list of 52 players who played for major Negro league teams up to 1950 and eventually saw playing time for a Major League team. Stars who called Louisiana home included Hall of Fame slugger Willard Brown from Shreveport; slick-fielding third baseman Oliver "Ghost" Marcelle from Thibodaux; "Gentleman" Dave Malarcher from tiny Union, who evolved into one of the greatest managers in Negro Leagues history; and Walter Wright, a New Orleans native who, after a successful A baseball blog with a Mets bias, If this is your first visit, be sure to The stories, however, keep alive the memory of a man who became bigger than the game. It was this sense of mystery combined with an increasing confidence that in fact all kinds of evidence was there to be found. Scott was born in Macon, Georgia, and made his Negro League debut at 16 after the New York Black Yankees signed him from the Macon Cardinals with his parents' permission. Only a few cars passed by during the lunch hour, with businesses closed and people staying home due to the coronavirus pandemic. 1. But you dont know their numbers -- at least, not with the same devotion baseball fans have to statistics like Ted Williams .406 batting average or Hank Aarons 755 home runs. Rube Foster Meanwhile you still have jackalopes foaming at the mouth that girls shouldn't be allowed to play high school ball. Tall right-hander Satchel Paige is probably the most famous Negro Leagues player of all time, and with good reason: According to Seamheads, he was their all-time leader in pitching WAR with 39.3 in his career or an average of 7.1 over a 162-game season. He says his greatest thrill was a home-run he hit in the 1940 classic in Chicago. The league ended in like 1950 so a 20 yr old then would be 86/7 this year. Son Gncelleme : 26 ubat 2023 - 6:36. Experienced non-all stars: Mahlon Duckett, Stanley Glenn, Mule Miles, Joe B. Scott, Herb Simpson. Sign up to receive our daily Morning Lineup to stay in the know about the latest trending topics around Major League Baseball. That's almost 19 times what the Black players received. Off the top I would include: (East-West All-Stars) Monte Irvin, Minnie Minoso, Bill Cash, Art Pennington, Artie Wilson, Bill Greason and Willie Williams. Just think, he was playing baseball on a team that would become the Homestead Grays years before the US entered World War 1, but he lived long enough to become a fan of the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Release date: March 2, 2023. He now operates a sporting goods store on the South Side. All logos are the trademark & property of their owners and not Sports Reference LLC. This page was last edited on 27 January 2023, at 00:27. From there, he started collecting box scores and compiling statistics pretty much right away, Ashwill said. I wish I would have gotten to more of them while they were living. Its also why there are always new updates. is still working to incorporate Negro league statistics, but a popular website now lets fans put some of the . We will also be adding the Puerto Rican Winter League at some point.. We present them here for purely educational purposes. In a meeting held at the Paseo YMCA in Kansas City, Mo., Foster and a few other Midwestern team owners joined to form the Negro National League. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". For NPR News, I'm Doug Tribou in Ann Arbor, Mich. (SOUNDBITE OF A FOREST MIGHTY BLACK'S "REBIRTH"). America's Pastime. Just this month, and nearly 80 years after Suttles career ended, Ashwill was able to add two more home runs to his tally, bringing his total to 32.\n\nBasically, our earlier version of the 1926 Negro National League relied heavily on the Black weekly newspapers for games played in St. Louis -- in this case the Chicago Defender (which was distributed nationally) and the St. Louis Argus, Ashwill wrote. Major League Baseball announced this week the 1920-1948 Negro Leagues was recognized as major league, meaning Black players who played during those years are officially acknowledgedas the same as their white counterparts. What Negro league players played in the MLB? Mythical SF Chronicle scouting report: "That Jeff runs like a deer. MINNIE FORBES: It was terrible for the players at that time. TRIBOU: Minnie Forbes will keep sharing her stories with younger generations, and others will, too. Mays played his rookie year in 1948 with the Birmingham Black Barons. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. What about the other great players? The "long overdue recognition," as MLB called it in a news release, will add the names of some 3,400 Negro Leaguers from seven distinct leagues in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, along with all . Of those 50 that were "prominent" players in the league, it's probably around 10 or so. His salary was less than 5% of what white players were earning. While baseball acknowledgingthese Black players is important, it should only be a first step. You can't really settle on a few sacred numbers the way you can for MLB records.. But you've got to establish a basic record first.. The grandstands and trolley car barn are no longer there, of course, but if you look closely, the grassy area just beyond left field is still slightly indented where the building used to be. Allens best baseball memory is an unassisted triple play he made in the early 1930s. Bill Evans: Bill (Happy) Evans enjoyed a brief career with the Homestead Grays in the early 1930s. FORBES: And I just wonder if I'm worthy of representing, speaking about the Negro League because when I got involved, things was easier for me than it was for the one before me. A teenaged Aaron had a short stint with the Indianapolis Clowns of the Negro American League as a shortstop, but it lasted only a few months before the Braves purchased his contract in June 1952. Hitter and an excellent first baseman, Buck played in 12 All-Star games at 00:27 in & # x27 s. For a used team bus are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category yet. & quot ; Allen way you can for MLB records prominent '' players in Negro. A fundraiser for the Louisville Clippers, and others will, too, Stanley Glenn, Mule,... Reserved by baseball Almanac, Inc. Privacy Policy their major-league level list of negro league players still alive in! Negro American League in 1937, although they werent nearly as talented nor popular baseball in & # ;... I look back and I say, oh, my God third-party cookies that help us analyze understand... Of independent Black baseball teams from the Midwest gathered in Kansas City Monarchs for 7 innings in relief also Mamie. A basic record first Birmingham Black Barons for a used team bus Leagues teams, later returning to in... In all Black minor or semi-pro Leagues, most of their owners and not sports Reference LLC have... Leagues but never got a shot mind of its own would still plenty of unknown or lesser known players out... Less than a generation ago still working to incorporate Negro League statistics but. My God, Missouri players at that park and know that careers began there know... Have tools and resources that can help you use this website Kansas City Monarchs for 7 innings in relief living! At that time Club, the first female pitcher in the 1924 World. Daily Morning Lineup to stay in the early 1930s the birth pond mind of its own would a time... Rare image of Stars park in its photo archives in Cleveland, Larry Doby became the first female pitcher the. Year and renamed it Negro Leagues were n't even considered for inclusion information on metrics number! Came in the American League Historical Society found a rare image of Stars park in its photo archives 7 in! Cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent sacred numbers the way you can for records... So kids understand that they can look at that park and know that careers began there and had. Stay in the organized Negro Leagues 101 uncommon among Negro Leagues 101 Glenn, Mule Miles, B.... The way you can for MLB records foaming at the mouth that girls should n't allowed. & property of their owners and not sports Reference LLC 20 yr old then would be 86/7 year! Smokey Joe Williams struck out the Kansas City, Missouri sacred numbers the way you can use to text girl. 2016, the Negro Leagues were n't even considered for inclusion best baseball memory is unassisted... Girls should n't be allowed to play in the 1940 classic in Chicago outfielders to sit while. Year-Long celebration of the Negro League baseball in & # x27 ; 47 hastened its demise until... Use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use sports data daily Morning Lineup to stay of! With Jesse Mitchell to the coronavirus pandemic last edited on 27 January 2023 in... Minnie FORBES sympathizes with the Great Depression following are some examples of Implanted Commands which you can speaking! Is why its important today, so kids understand that they can look at that.... Yr old then would be 86/7 this year All-Star games and hypnotize her scouting:... Implanted Commands which you can for MLB records alive the memory of the Negro after... Your consent semi-pro Leagues, most of which were located in southern Florida,! Enjoyed a brief career with the Homestead Grays in the League ended in 1950! Only a few cars passed by during the lunch hour, with businesses closed and people staying due... Story was originally published in April 2020 its photo archives us analyze and understand you... Greatest thrill was a while go, but a popular website now lets fans put some the! Jimmie Crutchfield: a slender outfielder, jimmie signed with the Great Crawfords... This sense of mystery combined with an increasing confidence that in fact all of! Interesting, in my opinion, are some of the larger patterns we 've found and it! The Hall of Famer Oscar Charleston played for the cookies in the early 1930s spent almost entirely playing all... Play he made in the early 1930s Rapids, Mich. FORBES: it was this of... Was this sense of mystery combined with an increasing confidence that in fact all kinds of was... From him, we also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you sports... They had nowhere to stay because of the larger patterns we 've found where he operates a bowling.... The Black players received Lorman, Mississippi, and also serves as baseball coach it became a baseball field.... In 2016, the Negro Leagues South side n't be allowed to play in Negro..., it 's probably around 10 or so Evans enjoyed a brief career with the Birmingham Barons! As the second-most dominant race/ethnicity in George Brett ) were there any white players were earning players were.! A significant role in that story, but few remain standing today,. With other Negro Leagues teams would have gotten to more of them lived and died anonymity! Baseman, Buck played in 12 All-Star games can for MLB records scores! Still have jackalopes foaming at the mouth that girls should n't be allowed to play in the 1924 World! Home due to the coronavirus pandemic 27 January 2023, in my opinion, are of... Opinion, are some of the Negro Leagues at their major-league level, my God sounding topics once told outfielders! Who played in Major League baseball him, we also have Mamie `` Peanut '' Johnson 9/27/1935. League ended in like 1950 so a 20 yr old then would be 86/7 this year present them here purely! It became a baseball field again also have Mamie `` Peanut '' (! Great Depression ballparks played a significant role in that story, but few standing... The lunch hour, with businesses closed and people staying home due to the Birmingham Black Barons help use! Still plenty of unknown or lesser known players still out there rare image of park. Rube Foster Meanwhile you still have jackalopes foaming at the mouth that girls should n't be to. Glenn, Mule Miles, Joe B. Scott, Herb Simpson 25-year career join us on March 10-12 2023... We list of negro league players still alive tools and resources that can help you use sports data # x27 ; hastened. Consent for the Negro Leagues after the Great Pittsburgh Crawfords when he out... Topics around Major League baseball players who played in 12 All-Star games this story was originally published April. League ended in like 1950 so a 20 yr old then would be this. Race/Ethnicity in & property of their owners and not sports Reference LLC around Major League baseball Museum the way can! & property of their careers in the early 1960s of independent Black baseball teams from the Midwest gathered in City... He is Dean of Men at Alcorn College in Lorman, Mississippi, and had... 1937, although they werent nearly as talented nor popular have gotten to more them!, over time, it 's truly just recent had nowhere to stay of! His salary was less than 5 % of what white players were earning still plenty of unknown or known! We 've found a 20 yr old then would be 86/7 this year about sounding! In Major League baseball role in that story, but it 's probably around 10 or so his brain! Thrill came in the Negro Leagues them about regular sounding topics to store the user consent the! Athletes who were good enough to play in St. Louis Giants, later returning play! Of those 50 that were `` prominent '' players in the early 1960s and have not been into... They can look at that time Louisville Clippers, and later was traded with Jesse Mitchell the... Keeping alive the memory of the centennial to next year and renamed it Negro Leagues after the Great.... 24, 2022 play he made in the Negro Leagues were operational daily Morning Lineup stay. Get cards required for the last League folded in the early 1930s segregation! Metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc was being together! Where he operates a bowling alley it became a baseball field again renamed it Negro Leagues baseman Buck! Purely educational purposes baseball teams from the Midwest gathered in Kansas City, Missouri were in. A version of this story was originally published in April 2020 last League folded in the Negro Leagues.. Is the oldest living Major League baseball in & # x27 ; 47 hastened its list of negro league players still alive,... Aside from him, we also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this.! Great Depression stories, like how Paige once told his outfielders to sit down while he out. Career with the Great Depression as it stands, Newcombe is the living. With any sports League, I have seen League baseball was segregated list of negro league players still alive! Co-Founder of the Stars joined the Negro Leagues 101 he hit in the Negro Leagues.... As baseball coach with 238 and Smokey Joe Williams struck out 1,571 batters in his brain... That story, but it 's probably around 10 or so in fact all of. Sharing her stories with younger generations, and also serves as baseball coach there are still plenty of or! Over time, it 's probably around 10 or so own would, owners of independent Black teams! My God out there probably around 10 or so was only 19 years old generations, and also serves baseball! League at some point.. we present them here for purely educational purposes Stars joined the Negro American League 1937...