M30 is relatively dense and belongs to the concentration class V. The brightest stars in the cluster are magnitude 12 red giants. The origins of Capricorn mythology are practically unknown. Even though Capricornus is the second faintest constellation in the sky, after Cancer, it is associated with myths and images that go way back to the 21st century BC. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Nashira is located at around 139 light-years away from us, and it is hotter than our Sun, having surface average temperatures of around 7,520 K. Zeta Capricorni is a binary star located at around 386 light-years away from us. Its symbol is (Unicode ♑). Messier 30 is estimated to be 12.93 billion years old, and it has a total mass of around 160,000 times that of the Sun. The primary star is also classified as a chemically-peculiar Am star.

Capricornus is one of the 88 modern constellations, yet it was also one of the first 48 constellations listed by the Greco-Roman astronomer, Ptolemy, in his 2 nd century Almagest. Another Greek myth identifies Capricornus as Almathea, the goat that nursed Zeus when he was an infant, hiding from his Titan father, Cronos. Despite its faintness, the constellation Capricornus has one of the oldest mythological associations, having been consistently represented as a hybrid of a goat and a fish since the Middle Bronze Age, when the Babylonians used MULSUḪUR.MAŠ "The Goat-Fish" as a symbol of their god Ea. The second brightest component is a blue-white B-type main sequence dwarf, which has a magnitude of 7.20. Saturn rules Capricorn, and its symbol is the goat. Basically the sea goats came from the first sea goat, Pricus, who was created by the god Chronos (Greek mythology). The secondary star is a hydrogen-rich white dwarf. The Myth Behind the Constellation Capricornus Capricornus, “the sea-goat”, is most commonly associated with Pan, the half-man, half-goat Greek god that invented the pan flute. Algiedi (Alpha Capricorni), image Wikisky. It is speculated that five galaxies are associated with this group, however, only four are currently officially listed, they are: IC 1337 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located at around 420 million light-years away from us. There are many interesting deep-sky objects present in Capricornus, apart from the aforementioned Messier 30, there are also many more star clusters and galaxies. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. However, according to close sources, he has quit music for good. The constellation is associated with two mythical creatures from Greek legends: the deity Pan and the goat Amalthea, who suckled Zeus when he was very young. It consists of Dabih Major (Beta-1 Capricorni), the brighter component, with an apparent magnitude of 3.05, and Dabih Minor (Beta-2 Capricorni), which has an apparent magnitude of 6.09. At a distance of 30,000 light-years, it has chains of stars extending to the north that are resolvable in small amateur telescopes. Pan was placed in the sky by Zeus in gratitude for his coming to the other gods’ rescue on several occasions. Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, and Aquarius. In another story, Capricornus is identified as Amalthea, the goat that suckled Zeus when he was an infant, hiding from his father Cronos. IC 1337 has an apparent magnitude of 14.5, and it has an apparent size of 1.2’ x 1.1’. Copyright 2014-2017 Under the Night Sky | All Rights Reserved | Powered by Energetic Brains, Constellation Lists – Official to Ancient, Capricornus Constellation Myths and Facts.

It has an apparent magnitude of +4.11. The Capricorn zodiac sign is often interpreted as being either a goat or a sea-goat, which is basically a creature with the front half of a goat and the tail of a fish. Deneb Algedi is a Beta Lyrae variable star (a type of eclipsing binary).

In reference to the myth, Capricornus is still often depicted as a goat with the tail of a fish. He also gave the idea to the gods to disguise themselves as animals until the danger passed. Since this globular cluster is following a retrograde orbit through the inner galactic halo, it is speculated that it was acquired from a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. The two stars are distinguishable in binoculars. In the Early Bronze Age the winter solstice occurred in the constellation, but due to the precession of the equinoxes, the December solstice now takes place in the constellation Sagittarius. Capricorn (♑︎) is the tenth astrological sign in the zodiac out of twelve total zodiac signs, originating from the constellation of Capricornus, the horned goat. Its traditional name, Baten Algiedi (or Algedi), means “the belly of the goat” in Arabic. Nashira, designated as Gamma Capricorni, is a giant chemically peculiar Am star, that has an apparent magnitude of +3.67. Back to the main myth page. The star has an apparent magnitude of 4.12. Conjunction of Mercury and Venus, with Gamma and Delta Capricorni to the right; photo: Y. Beletsky, ESO, March 2008. The constellation of Capricornus is among the oldest in the sky. The brighter component is a Barium star that is particularly notable for having an overabundance of praseodymium. Take an interactive tour of the solar system, or browse the site to find fascinating information, facts, and data about our planets, the solar system, and beyond.

NGC 6907 is a spiral galaxy located at around 118 million light-years away from Earth.

Dabih is not a single star, but a star system, 328 light years distant, located near the ecliptic. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. [3], One galaxy group located in Capricornus is HCG 87, a group of at least three galaxies located 400 million light-years from Earth (redshift 0.0296). An announcement on his forum in 2005 stated that Capricornus was experiencing "very serious problems and it is clear he will not be in a position to do any recording for the foreseeable future. The brightest star in Capricornus is δ Capricorni, also called Deneb Algedi, with a magnitude of 2.9, located 39 light-years from Earth. It is a variable star, exhibiting regular variations in brightness and absolute magnitude. Capricornus as depicted by Johann Bayer in his Uranometria (1603).

Deneb Algedi is a Delta Scuti type variable, a star that varies in brightness due to both radial and non-radial pulsations of its surface. The goat's tail consists of stars β Cap and α2 Cap: star β Cap being of the third magnitude. Messier 30 (NGC 7099) in Capricornus, photo: Hubble Space Telescope (NASA, ESA). The legend that ties Pricus to Capricorn mythology begins when the younger sea-goats, Pricus's children, find their way onto the shore. During this time reversal, everything on earth, except Pricus, reverses itself to where it was previously, thus the goats revert back to the time to before they returned to land.Pricus, being unaffected by the time shift, is the only one who knows what is to become of the sea-goats. As the father of the sea-goat race, he is determined to make sure that his children never get to the shore. Amalthea's broken horn was transformed into the cornucopia or "horn of plenty". This star is hotter than our Sun, having temperatures of around 6,572 K. Pi Capricorni, also known as Okul or Oculus, is a triple star system located at around 660 light-years away from us. All Rights Reserved. Beta-2 Capricorni is a double star composed of an A0-class giant with a magnitude of 6.1, 40 times more luminous than the Sun, and a mercury-manganese star located about 3 arc seconds away. It is 670 light-years from Earth and the components are distinguishable in a small telescope.[3]. In his misery, Pricus begs Chronos to let him die, as he cannot bear to be the only sea-goat left. [3], Although the solstice during the northern hemisphere's winter no longer takes place while the sun is in the constellation Capricornus, as it did until 130 BCE, the astrological sign called Capricorn is still used to denote the position of the solstice, and the latitude of the sun's most southerly position continues to be called the Tropic of Capricorn, a term which also applies to the line on the Earth at which the sun is directly overhead at local noon on the day of the December solstice.[3]. The Nakh peoples called Capricornus the Roofing Towers. The Babylonians associated the goat-fish as a symbol of their god Ea.

The constellation is located in an area of sky called the Sea or the Water, consisting of many water-related constellations such as Aquarius, Pisces and Eridanus. It was first attested to a cylinder-seal from around the 21. It is a spectroscopic eclipsing binary star. [3], Capricornus's brighter stars are found on a triangle whose vertices are α2 Capricorni (Giedi), δ Capricorni (Deneb Algiedi), and ω Capricorni. This star system has an apparent magnitude of 3.74. Beta Capricorni is the second brightest star in Capricornus. It is classified as an Alpha-2 Canum Venaticorum type variable, a chemically peculiar star with strong magnetic fields. H. A. Rey has suggested an alternative visualization, which graphically shows a goat. β Capricorni's traditional name comes from the Arabic phrase for "the lucky stars of the slaughterer," a reference to ritual sacrifices performed by ancient Arabs at the heliacal rising of Capricornus. Pan the Shepherd God was very ugly and he was in charge of flocks and herds for Zeus, but he never dared to sing with the gods; he had a crush on the fairy who played the harp in the temple but dared not confess to her. and know when to buckle down and get to work. This star is almost twice as hot as our Sun, having temperatures of around 10,001 K. It is also a fast-spinning star, with a rotational velocity of around 104 km / 64.6 mi per second. Also called Algedi or Giedi, the traditional names of α Capricorni come from the Arabic word for "the kid", which references the constellation's mythology. Delta Capricorni C is a sixteenth magnitude star one arc minute away, while Delta Capricorni D, a thirteenth magnitude star, is two arc minutes away from the primary star. Pan saved the fairy. These cookies do not store any personal information. After his victory Zeus put the constellation Capricorn into the night sky, to honor Pan and serve as a reminder of this great event. It has an apparent magnitude of 4.08. Nashira is a blue-white A-type giant, approximately 139 light years distant. Capricornus has therefore from antiquity been represented by a figure with the head and body of a goat and the tail of a fish. Fashion, beauty and adornment with celebrity zodiac signs. The star is known by its traditional names Deneb Algedi and Sheddi. Several galaxies and star clusters are contained within Capricornus. It was one of the first deep sky objects discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.



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