In many Western European countries surveyed, roughly one-fifth of the population expresses belief in reincarnation, a concept more closely associated with Eastern religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism than with Christianity. 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Eastern Europe shares common positive characteristics that not only distinguish it from Western Europe, but also from most of the world. Religion: Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. Meanwhile, Americans and Western Europeans are plagued with a Byzantine tax code. All these countries are part of different subregions of Europe as defined by the UN Geoscheme. 1 (3 views). Other questions asked on the survey point to a further East-West values gap with respect to key social issues, such as same-sex marriage and legal abortion. Russia and the other 9 countries that make up the subregion of Eastern Europe once comprised what was commonly known as the Eastern bloc during the Cold War. The region, for example, is home to both Slavic-speaking states like the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland, as well as German-speaking states like Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. In Portugal, for example, the vast majority of adults say that being born in Portugal (81%) and having a Portuguese family background (80%) are very or somewhat important to being truly Portuguese. These sentiments also are widespread among adults in Italy and Spain. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2010-2018 Difference Between. It is also Europes least populous country. However, today, Westerners are saddled with convoluted tax codes, while Eastern Europeans are champions of flat taxes. However, the sample sizes in most countries do not allow for a detailed analysis of the attitudes of people in these groups. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Leaders often cite European values when defending their stances on highly charged political topics. All rights reserved. Transport, accommodation, and food tend to be less expensive than in Western Europe. Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. All the countries of Northern Europe, except the UK, Iceland, and Norway, are now part of the EU. In addition to belief in God, Central and Eastern Europeans are more likely than Western Europeans to express belief in fate (that the course of life is largely or wholly preordained), as well as in some phenomena not typically linked with Christianity, including the evil eye (that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone). Asian Europeans have also thick lip area and a round or almond-shaped facial area. 3. In addition, East Asia doesn't emphasize makeup the same way Western countries do; Asian makeup trends tend to have a larger focus on skin care. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous subregion of Europe. Also, the people follow many religions such as Orthodox Christianityand also Islam. Move Over BRIC. Americans and Europeans share many things: a commitment to fundamental democratic principles, a strategic alliance that has shaped the world order for more than half a century, and despite serious economic challenges in recent years, some of the highest living standards in the world. Moreover, Eastern Europe isnt the global leader on such issues (nor are they the laggard, either). By this measure, young Estonian adults are still six times as likely as older adults in Denmark (10%) to oppose same-sex marriage. regarding European colonization of Asia and popular folklores and figures. Orthodoxy, Catholicism and Protestantism are each prominent in different parts of Europe, Christian affiliation has declined in Western Europe, Religious commitment particularly low in Western Europe, Substantial shares in Western Europe dont believe in God, Majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries believe in fate, Prevailing view across Europe is that religion and government should be separate, Europe split on importance of ancestry to national identity, united on importance of speaking national language, Jews in U.S. are far less religious than Christians and Americans overall, at least by traditional measures, Hispanic teens enjoy religious activities with parents, but fewer view religion as very important, U.S. Methods 2.1. Eastern Europeans are less stressed than Western Europeans. The advancements that these ancient civilizations made in governance, science, architecture, and the arts helped shape both Europe and the rest of the world. I am thinking of traditional values like progress towards higher well-being, family success, and traditional gender relations.. This website helped me pass! Yes, it continues to fade, but it hasnt disappeared yet. The subregion is home to two of Europes biggest political and economic powers, France and Germany. When Gallup asked, Did you experience stress yesterday? Russians were the most chilled out Europeans, with just one in 10 answering yes. Indeed, Germany has always figured prominently in the history of Central Europe, beginning with the Holy Roman Empire that controlled much of the region in medieval times. During the cold war period, this region was referred to as the Eastern bloc or else the Soviet bloc. 2. In most countries in the East, the share of Christians has remained fairly stable in recent generations. In fact, overwhelming majorities of adults in every European country surveyed East and West alike say it is important to respect the laws of their country in order to truly belong. Russia, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine were all republics in the Soviet Union, until it collapsed in 1991. It is related to Italian, Spanish, French and Portuguese. Europe is a continent of many peoples, languages, and cultures. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. Lonely humans will become infatuated with AI-fabricated personas. See Methodology for details. For example, they maintain their traditions, focus on their families, are well-connected to their history, and are hospitable. A train in Austria (left) versus Serbia (right). Compared with Western Europeans, fewer Central and Eastern Europeans would welcome Muslims or Jews into their families or neighborhoods, extend the right of marriage to gay or lesbian couples or broaden the definition of national identity to include people born outside their country. For example, 83% of adults in Hungary and 82% of adults in Poland say it is very or somewhat important to have been born in their country to be truly Hungarian or truly Polish. And 72% of Russians say it is important to have Russian family background to be truly Russian.. And Protestantism is the dominant Christian tradition in much of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. Central Europe also contains countries that were on different sides of the east-west divide during the Cold War. Although Eastern Europeans havent learned how to market their declining populations as a positive attribute, they can show the world the vast benefits of everyone getting more elbowroom. To be sure, not every country in Europe neatly falls into this pattern. This is not to suggest that support for multiculturalism is universal even in Western Europe. Just over half in the U.S. (53%) say religion is very important in their life,nearly double the share who hold this view in Poland, which registered the highest percentage among EU nations polled in 2015. Like in many places, city life is faster-paced and more stressful. Americans are also especially likely to believe that an individual who works hard can find success: 73% said hard work is very important for getting ahead in life compared to a European median of 35%. Crime is also relatively low, even in cities. And in Georgia, 92% of adults say it is important to speak Georgian to truly share their national identity. But it is useful for us to see the old ideals still alive in the minds of Eastern Europeans. In fact, the levels of belief in the evil eye across Central and Eastern Europe are comparable to those found in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, where indigenous religions have had a broad impact on the respective cultures. Also, the people in Romania speak a language with romance roots, which is called the Romanian language. Languages: And in a few countries, including Russia, Christians have increased as a percentage of the population. While large majorities across the continent say they were baptized Christian, and most European countries still have solid Christian majorities, the survey responses indicate a significant decline in Christian affiliation throughout Western Europe. For example, in the Netherlands, 96% of adults say speaking Dutch is important for being truly Dutch. In addition, all the Western European countries surveyed have sizable populations of religiously unaffiliated people those who identify as atheist, agnostic or nothing in particular, collectively sometimes called nones. Nones make up at least 15% of the population in every Western European country surveyed, and they are particularly numerous in the Netherlands (48%), Norway (43%) and Sweden (42%). Poland, Hungary, Croatia, Greece, and Slovenia are considering flat taxes. Here, life is even more laid-back and relaxed than in the West. As our polling has found over the years, Americans and Europeans often have different perspectives on individualism, the role of government, free expression, religion and morality. Western Europe: Western Europe is economically more advanced as well as prosperous. He has a Masters in Education, and a Bachelors in Physics. I highly recommend you use this site! The rest of this report will look at more cross-regional comparisons, including: Christianity has long been the prevailing religion in Europe, and it remains the majority religious affiliation in 27 of the 34 countries surveyed. Eastern Europe refers to the eastern part of Europe. In general, Eastern Europeans are less stressed out than the West. Businesses tend to close for anything from an hour to four or five hours, and reopen in the evening. Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe is comparatively less advanced regarding the economy. Through this article, let us examine the differences further. Is Christianity a European value? What about secularism? Amongst 269 samples of Savonians (Eastern Finns), 92.2% of them belong to Haplogroup N. Western Europe has long been regarded as the home of world-renowned cultural icons. Roughly half of Slovaks, for example, say they favor same-sex marriage, and a similar share say they would accept Muslims in their family lower shares than in most Western European countries, but well above their neighbors in the East. Life in the UK and Scandinavia is different from continental Europe. Knowing the main aspects of this lesson will allow you to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. On balance, there are smaller shares of nones and larger shares of Christians in Central and Eastern Europe, though a plurality of Estonians (45%) are unaffiliated, and the Czech Republic is the only country surveyed on the entire continent where nones form a majority (72%). For statistical purposes, the United Nations Geoscheme divides the continent into four different subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Northern Europe. This includes Armenia and Georgia where the balance of opinion favors government support for religious values and beliefs as well as Russia, where 42% of adults say the government should promote religion. Eastern Europeans are usually very religious, though here, the most common faith is generally Eastern Orthodox. Eastern European men at least (since they tend to have shorter hair than their women of course) are most easily identified by their skulls than their facial features compared to Western European men. However, most Europeans have long, narrow noses, prominent cheekbones, hooded and almond-shaped eyes, and thin lips. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Substantial shares of the public in many Western European countries view being Christian as a key component of their national identity and say they would not accept Muslims or Jews as relatives. Its All About RGM (Rapid Growth Markets). It is difficult to point out the geographical division between the western and eastern regions of Europe although it is believed that the Caucasus Mountains, Ural River and mountain lay the boundary for Eastern Europe. On balance, Central and Eastern Europeans also are more likely to say they believe in God, and to express some New Age or folk religious beliefs such as that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone (the evil eye). Eastern Europeans (Slavs) have darker skin than northern Europeans. Then, in 2001, Russia adopted a 13% flat tax. People often describe a decreasing population as a problem or a demographic crisis. However, a forever-increasing population is a doomed Ponzi scheme. Survey results suggest that Europes regional divide over same-sex marriage could persist into the future: Across most of Central and Eastern Europe, young adults oppose legalizing gay marriage by only somewhat narrower margins than do their elders. In most of Europe, including the countryside of France, Germany, and Spain, life is relatively laid-back and slow-paced, people work less demanding schedules, and family and mealtimes are central parts of life. The Center previously has published major reports on both surveys: Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe and Being Christian in Western Europe. Many of the same questions were asked in both regions, allowing for the comparisons in this report. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The surveys asked respondents across the continent whether they agree with the statement, Our people are not perfect, but our culture is superior to others. While there are exceptions, Central and Eastern Europeans overall are more inclined to say their culture is superior. In most other parts of Central and Eastern Europe, Christian shares of the population have been relatively stable by this measure. Traditional culture can be found in rural areas. 1973. Eastern Europeans typically have deep-set eyes, rounder faces, shorter noses, and very high cheekbones. Eastern Europe: People speak languages with Slavic roots. Similarly, Americans are more likely to say offensive statements about minority groups should be permitted. Iceland is home to the worlds oldest parliament, the Althing. Northern Europe consists of 10 countries. Research shows that spending more time on social media is associated with body image issues in boys and young men. Although Western European cities have nice pedestrian zones, because Eastern Europeans dont have as many cars as Western Europeans, theyre more likely to walk everywhere. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Age differences are stronger in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe on this issue: Younger adults across most of Western Europe are more likely than those ages 35 and older to prefer separation of church and state. Moreover, although the concept of Central Europe exists both historically and currently, there is no consensus as to which countries should be considered part of it. The Baltic States, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, are Northern Europes newest countries, having regained their independence upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since 2015, the have grown by 300 percent in the US. For a complete analysis of abortion laws in Europe and elsewhere, see . But there are still certain patterns we can discuss, certain generalizations in various parts of Europe that seem to apply. Majorities in all European nations polled in 2011 said guaranteeing that nobody is in need is more important. This is especially true in Western Europe, which is more secular than other parts of Europe. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. In Ukraine, meanwhile, young adults and older adults look very similar on this question (68% vs. 69%). The U.N. Geoscheme does not necessarily reflect the former or current geopolitical divisions of Europe. I feel like its a lifeline. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Public Sees Black People, Women, Gays and Lesbians Gaining Influence in Biden Era, Economy and COVID-19 Top the Publics Policy Agenda for 2021, Our favorite Pew Research Center data visualizations of 2019, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbn has articulated one strain of opposition to the EUs conception of European values, declaring in July 2018 that Central Europe has a special culture. While public opinion on the importance of religion, birthplace and ancestry to national identity is different in Central and Eastern Europe than it is in the West, people throughout the continent largely agree on some other elements of national belonging. Eastern Europeans also tend to have high cheekbones, which helps to protect against the cold wind. Belief in the evil eye is also common in Central and Eastern Europe. Russia is by far the largest and most populous country in Eastern Europe. And most Hungarians say that being born in their country and having Hungarian ancestry are important to being truly Hungarian a typically Eastern European view of national identity. Life in European cities is different from the country. They usually possess brown or dark eye, and they can have coarse . This affects the culture to this day, with some large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes. Get counterintuitive, surprising, and impactful stories delivered to your inbox every Thursday. In countries that are centrally located on the continent, prevailing attitudes may align with popular opinions in the East on some issues, while more closely reflecting Western public sentiment on other matters. In this region may Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. Use our interactive map to find out, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. km. Still, relatively few express willingness to accept Muslims as family members or neighbors. In Western Europe, by contrast, most people dont feel that religion is a major part of their national identity. But Southern Europe is more than just the ruins of ancient civilizations. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. There are a few countries, however, where this sentiment is somewhat less common: Only about two-thirds of adults in Moldova, Finland and Bosnia say speaking the national language is important to truly belonging to their country, as do only 62% of Ukrainians and 54% of Belarusians. Eastern European cities have outstanding pedestrian zones. Adults in both regions say it is important to respect their countrys institutions and laws and to be able to speak the national language to truly share their national identity. People will routinely spend several hours eating a meal with family. Even with workaholic Slovenians on one extreme and relaxed Bosnians on the other, Eastern Europeans tend to balance work and play better than Americans. Next came Ukraine (15%), Slovakia (19%), Romania (16%), Serbia (14%), Czechia (12.5%), Macedonia (10%), Albania (10%), Montenegro (9%), Bosnia (10%), and Bulgaria (10%). In addition, when it comes to views about Muslims and Jews, young adults in most countries in Central and Eastern Europe are no more accepting than their elders. The Cold War ended about 30 years ago but many of the differences between eastern and western Europe remain. Europes six biggest squares are all in Eastern Europe. Now, radicalizing illiberal regimes in the East European region, such as those in Poland and Hungary, also pose major political challenges to . The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. Siestas are increasingly common as you go south. None of the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed allow same-sex marriages. Life in Western Europe is different from Eastern Europe. In Belgium, for example, 55% of respondents currently identify as Christian, compared with 83% saying they were raised Christian. 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